Asymmetric Organocatalytic Direct Aldol Reactions of Ketones with α-Keto Acids and Their Application to the Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-γ-butyrolactones
作者:Xiao-Ying Xu、Zhuo Tang、Yan-Zhao Wang、Shi-Wei Luo、Lin-Feng Cun、Liu-Zhu Gong
DOI:10.1021/jo701868t
日期:2007.12.1
of organocatalysts for the asymmetric direct aldolreactions of ketones with α-keto acids were designed on the basis of molecular recognition and prepared from proline and aminopyridines. The organic molecule 8e, derived from proline and 6-methyl-2-amino pyridine, was the best catalyst, affording excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) for the direct aldolreactions of acetone or 2-butanone with
Novel N-formyl hydroxylamine compounds and their derivatives are disclosed. These N-formyl hydroxylamine compounds inhibit peptidyl deformylase (PDF), an enzyme present in prokaryotes. The compounds are useful as antimicrobials and antibiotics. The compounds of the invention display selective inhibition of peptidyl deformylase versus other metalloproteinases such as MMPs. Methods of preparation and use of the compounds are also disclosed.
Various ligands for the ruthenium-catalyzed enantioselective reduction of ketones in water have been investigated. Multi-substrate reactions have been carried out for the comparison of various proline amides and aminoalcohol ligands. Two sets of six aromatic ketones have been selected in order to evaluate the enantiomeric excesses of all the resulting alcohols by a single chromatographic analysis.
A bifunctional organocatalytic system consisting of simple pyridine ligands containing the separate catalytic functionalities was assembled using ZnCl2. This novel metal-templated catalyst furnished high yields and stereoselectivities towards the aldol...