使用锂和钾金属还原了几种退火的邻苯二环戊二烯衍生物。研究发现,去核作用通过改变电荷分布而影响香兰素的环戊烯特性。与六元环退火的衍生物的二价阴离子比corannulene二价阴离子具有更少的年环特性和更少的顺性。这种作用在周围的Corannulenes中更加明显。-与五元环退火。还原过程中使用的碱金属对结果有很大影响,特别是对还原度有很大影响。大多数衍生物仅通过钾而不是锂被还原为四阴离子,例外的是可以通过特殊方式(例如聚集或二聚)稳定四价阴离子的体系。一个这样的系统是环戊四烯[ bc ] corannulene(acecorannulylene),它给出一个配位二聚体,该二聚体由两个环戊四烯环戊四阴离子通过锂阳离子以凸-凸的方式结合在一起。在该二聚体中的接触点是来自每个环戊四烯环烯单元的两个再杂化的碳,它们被两个锂阳离子桥接在一起。
Aromatic π-Systems More Curved Than C60. The Complete Family of All Indenocorannulenes Synthesized by Iterative Microwave-Assisted Intramolecular Arylations
摘要:
Syntheses and X-ray crystal structures are reported for all seven members of the indenocorannulene family, comprising indenocorannulene, both isomers of diindenocorannulene, both isomers of triindenocorannulene, tetraindenocorannulene, and pentaindenocorannulene. With each additional indenoannulation, the pyramidalization of the trigonal carbon atoms at the hub of the corannulene increases. Five of the seven indenocorannulenes contain carbon atoms at the hub that are actually more pyramidalized than the carbon atoms of C-60. This work demonstrates, for the first time, that extended pi-systems with curvatures exceeding those of the most curved stable fullerenes and carbon nanotubes can be prepared by ordinary laboratory methods in solution, without recourse to high-temperature gas phase methods, such as flash vacuum pyrolysis. This proof of principle presages the days when scientists will be able to synthesize isomerically pure fullerenes and single-chirality nanotubes by well-understood, controlled chemical methods. Pentaindenocorannulene, itself, represents an attractive precursor to the C-5v end-cap of an all-carbon, single-walled, "armchair' [5,5]nanotube.
A New Suzuki−Heck-Type Coupling Cascade: Indeno[1,2,3]-Annelation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
作者:Hermann A. Wegner、Lawrence T. Scott、Armin de Meijere
DOI:10.1021/jo020367h
日期:2003.2.1
Under palladium catalysis, o-bromobenzeneboronic acid can be coupled with 1-bromonaphthalene (6) and with oligocyclic bromoarenes to furnish indeno-annelated polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons 1-4 and 25 in a single operation in moderate to good yields (27-87%). Alternatively, o-dibromoarenes and 1,2-dibromocycloalkenes can be cross-coupled with 1-naphthaleneboronic acid under the same conditions to
Proton-Catalyzed, Silane-Fueled Friedel-Crafts Coupling of Fluoroarenes
作者:Oliver Allemann、Simon Duttwyler、Paola Romanato、Kim K. Baldridge、Jay S. Siegel
DOI:10.1126/science.1202432
日期:2011.4.29
carbon-carbon bonds. The venerable Friedel-Crafts reaction appends alkyl or acylgroups to aromatic rings through alkyl or acyl cation equivalents typically generated by Lewis acids. We show that phenyl cation equivalents, generated from otherwise unreactive aryl fluorides, allow extension of the Friedel-Crafts reaction to intramolecular aryl couplings. The enabling feature of this reaction is the exchange
作者:Alexander S. Filatov、Edward A. Jackson、Lawrence T. Scott、Marina A. Petrukhina
DOI:10.1002/anie.200903427
日期:2009.10.26
Close encounters: Bending a flat molecule to make better contact with the surface of a curved molecule introduces strain. If the curved molecule can flatten somewhat (see picture), the overall energy cost of maximizing the surface contact is shared by both partners. X‐ray crystal structures illustrate this geometrical mutual adaptation phenomenon.
Increasing the Curvature of a Bowl-Shaped Polyarene by Fullerene-like η<sup>2</sup>-Complexation of a Transition Metal at the Interior of the Convex Surface
作者:Alexander S. Filatov、Andrey Yu. Rogachev、Edward A. Jackson、Lawrence T. Scott、Marina A. Petrukhina
DOI:10.1021/om100024c
日期:2010.3.8
exclusively with interior carbon atoms on the convex surface, exhibiting an η2-coordination type previously observed only in closed, all-carbon buckyballs. The latter unique coordination of Rh(II) accentuates the pyramidalization of the C atoms of monoindenocorannulene. Thus, in contrast to all other reported Rh(II) complexes with buckybowls, metalcomplexation leads to a curvature increase of the C26H12 core
单茚并蒽环的第一过渡金属配合物[Rh 2(O 2 CCF 3)4 } 2 ·(C 26 H 12)](1)已通过气相沉积法合成,并通过X射线进行了结构表征晶体学。在固态下,它基于分子间的Rh-C相互作用和π碗的罕见四桥联配位形成2D有机金属网络。除了η 2 -rim结合,一个铑(II)中心专门与凸面上内部个碳原子的相互作用,表现出η 2-协调类型,以前仅在封闭的全碳巴基球中观察到。Rh(II)的后一独特配位加剧了单茚并环戊烯碳原子C的锥体化作用。因此,与所有其他已报道的具有Buckybowls的Rh(II)络合物相反,金属络合物导致C 26 H 12核在1中的曲率增加。DFT计算(PBE0)揭示了C 26 H 12的优选配位点是Corannulene核的边缘,其次是内部辐条,然后是茚基位点的边缘CC键。这个计算的趋势很好地跟随了固态结构中的平均Rh-C键距为1:2.567(边缘)<2.687(辐条)<2
Chemical reduction of indenocorannulene: A two-electron addition stop
作者:Yikun Zhu、Zheng Zhou、Zheng Wei、Marina A. Petrukhina
DOI:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2023.122805
日期:2023.10
Chemicalreduction behavior of the indenyl-fused corannulene bowl, monoindenocorannulene (1), was investigated using two alkali metals with different binding abilities, namely Na and Rb. The sodium-induced reaction in THF in the presence of 18-crown-6 ether afforded a solvent-separated ion product, [Na+(18-crown-6)(THF)2]2[12–]·THF (2·THF), which enabled structural evaluation of the “naked” dianion