吲哚霉素 (IND) 是一种微生物天然产物,可选择性抑制细菌色氨酸-tRNA 合成酶 (TrpRS)。色氨酸生物合成途径最近被证明是开发针对结核分枝杆菌(Mtb) 的新型抗菌剂的重要目标。我们研究了 IND 对几种分枝杆菌模型菌株的抗菌活性。开发了一种 TrpRS 生化试验来分析合成 IND 类似物的文库。4″-甲基化 IND 化合物 Y-13 显示出改善的抗 Mtb 活性,最小抑制浓度 (MIC) 为 1.88 μM (~0.5 μg/mL)。当在基因工程替代牛分枝杆菌中诱导 TrpRS 过表达时,MIC 显着增加卡介苗。Mtb TrpRS 与 IND 和 ATP 复合的共晶结构表明氨基酸袋处于 apo 蛋白的开放形式和与反应中间体的封闭复合物之间的状态。在基于全细胞的实验中,我们研究了 Y-13 与不同抗菌剂的组合效果。我们通过基因组测序评估了杀伤动力学、对 IND 的抗性频率以及 IND
A new enantioselective synthesis of glycidates via dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic 2-chloro-3-keto esters using chiral Ru (II) complexes
摘要:
2-chloro-3-keto esters were quantitatively hydrogenated to syn and anti 2-chloro-3-hydroxyester by asymmetric hydrogenation with chiral ruthenium (Ii) catalysts prepared in-situ from (COD)Ru(2-Methylallyl)(2) in presence of atropisomeric ligands such as MeO-Biphep and Binap, giving enantioselectivity up to 99%. 2-chloro-3-hydroxy esters were treated with different bases to give (E)- and (Z)-2,3-epoxyalkanoates in 65-90% yields with 84-97% ee.
A stereoselective practical syntheticroute to indolmycin is described. The route is composed of the regioselective coupling of indolyl magnesium halide with a trans-epoxy ester, diastereoselective oxazolone ring formation with guanidine and amine exchange reaction with methylamine. In the coupling step, use of dichloromethane as co-solvent and conversion of the resulting hydroxy ester to the hydroxy
A process for producing indolmycin or a salt thereof which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:
or a salt thereof with methylamine or a salt thereof, can be produced in an optically active form in a high yield and high quality, and is advantageous from the industrial point of view.
Reaction of caesium 4-chlorophenate and chlorohydrins from threonines: synthesis of clofibrate analogues
作者:Maria Grazia Perrone、Ernesto Santandrea、Leonardo Di Nunno、Antonio Scilimati、Vincenzo Tortorella、Francesco Capitelli、Valerio Bertolasi
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.01.006
日期:2005.2
Clofibrate is a well-known peroxisome prolifierator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) agonist, used in the treatment of hyperlipaemias and atherosclerosis and to prevent heart failure. Herein, the preparation of the four enantiomerically pure stereoisomers of ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3-hydroxybutanoate as clofibrate analogues is described. Biological evaluation of these new compounds was performed by a transactivation assay in a transiently transfected monkey kidney fibroblast cell line. All four diastereomers were inactive even at 300 muM, where clofibrate showed an evident activity, suggesting that the designed clofibrate molecular structural modifications in the analogues caused the loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) activity. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Investigate Natural Product Indolmycin and the Synthetically Improved Analogue Toward Antimycobacterial Agents
Indolmycin (IND) is a microbial naturalproduct that selectively inhibits bacterial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS). The tryptophan biosynthesis pathway was recently shown to be an important target for developing new antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We investigated the antibacterial activity of IND against several mycobacterial model strains. A TrpRS biochemical assay
吲哚霉素 (IND) 是一种微生物天然产物,可选择性抑制细菌色氨酸-tRNA 合成酶 (TrpRS)。色氨酸生物合成途径最近被证明是开发针对结核分枝杆菌(Mtb) 的新型抗菌剂的重要目标。我们研究了 IND 对几种分枝杆菌模型菌株的抗菌活性。开发了一种 TrpRS 生化试验来分析合成 IND 类似物的文库。4″-甲基化 IND 化合物 Y-13 显示出改善的抗 Mtb 活性,最小抑制浓度 (MIC) 为 1.88 μM (~0.5 μg/mL)。当在基因工程替代牛分枝杆菌中诱导 TrpRS 过表达时,MIC 显着增加卡介苗。Mtb TrpRS 与 IND 和 ATP 复合的共晶结构表明氨基酸袋处于 apo 蛋白的开放形式和与反应中间体的封闭复合物之间的状态。在基于全细胞的实验中,我们研究了 Y-13 与不同抗菌剂的组合效果。我们通过基因组测序评估了杀伤动力学、对 IND 的抗性频率以及 IND
A new enantioselective synthesis of glycidates via dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic 2-chloro-3-keto esters using chiral Ru (II) complexes
作者:Jean-Pierre Genêt、M.C. Caño de Andrade、V. Ratovelomanana-Vidal
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(95)00182-c
日期:1995.3
2-chloro-3-keto esters were quantitatively hydrogenated to syn and anti 2-chloro-3-hydroxyester by asymmetric hydrogenation with chiral ruthenium (Ii) catalysts prepared in-situ from (COD)Ru(2-Methylallyl)(2) in presence of atropisomeric ligands such as MeO-Biphep and Binap, giving enantioselectivity up to 99%. 2-chloro-3-hydroxy esters were treated with different bases to give (E)- and (Z)-2,3-epoxyalkanoates in 65-90% yields with 84-97% ee.