The conversion of carboxylic acids into isonitriles via selenium-phenyl selenocarbamates
作者:Anthony G. M. Barrett、Hyok Kwon、Eli M. Wallace
DOI:10.1039/c39930001760
日期:——
Carboxylic acids are converted into isonitriles via Schmidt rearrangement of the derived acyl azides, addition of phenylselenol to the resultant isocyanate, tributylstannane reduction and dehydration.
A Weinreb amide approach to the synthesis of trifluoromethylketones
作者:DiAndra M. Rudzinski、Christopher B. Kelly、Nicholas E. Leadbeater
DOI:10.1039/c2cc35037h
日期:——
A novel route to access trifluoromethylketones (TFMKs) from Weinreb amides is reported. This represents the first documented case of the Ruppert–Prakash reagent (TMS–CF3) reacting in a constructive manner with an amide and enables synthesis of TMFKs without risk of over-trifluoromethylation.
Inhibitory Effect of 2-(E-2-Alkenoylamino)ethyl Alkyl Sulfides on Gastric Ulceration in Rats. II. Structure and Activity Relationships of 2-(E-n or Z-n-Decenoylamino)ethyl Alkyl Sulfides.
The analogues of 2-(E-n or Z-n-decenoylamino)ethyl carbamoylmethyl sulfide, including the modifications of sulfide portion, double bond in decenoyl chain and alkyl sulfide moiety, were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on stress-induced ulceration in rats were compared.Replacing the sulfura atom by methylene group or oxygen atom reduced the effect of potency. Saturation of the double bond in the decenoyl chain tended to reduce the anti-ulcerogenic activity in rats. There was no relationship between the position of double bond in decenoyl chain and the pharmacological activity. On the other hand, compounds with E-configuration showed stronger anti-ulcer activity than the corresponding Z-type of compounds. Among 9 kinds of S substituted alkyl groups for carbamoylmethyl, 2-(E-2-decenoylamino)ethyl 2-cyclohexylethyl sulfide showed the most potent anti-ulcerogenic activity in rats and also showed the lowest acute toxicity in mice.
Inhibitory effect of 2-(E-2-alkenoylamino)ethyl alkyl sulfides on gastric ulceration in rats. I. Effect of 2-(E-2-alkenoylamino)ethyl carbamoylmethyl sulfides on gastric secretion and various ulceration models in rats.
Bis [2- (E-2-alkenoylaminoethyl)] disulfides (I) and 2- (E-2-alkenoylamino) ethyl carbamoylmethyl sulfides (II) with various alkenyl chain lengths were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on gastric secretion in rats were compared. There was a relationship between the alkenyl chain length of a series of sulfide derivatives (II) and their biological activities (C10 and C11 alkenyl derivatives were the most effective compounds). On the other hand, variation of the alkenyl chain length did not affect the anti-ulcerogenic activity of the disulfide derivatives (I). The derivatives (II) showed stronger biological activity than (I) when the same alkenyl group was present in both. The administration of 2- (E-2-decenoylamino) ethyl carbamoylmethyl sulfide (II-5) or 2- (E-2-undecenoylamino) ethyl carbamoylmethyl sulfide (II-6) at a dose of 20 mg/kg (i.p.) caused significant inhibition of various experimental ulcerations caused by stress, aspirin and HCl-ethanol. Oral administration of both acetamides (II-5, II-6) also caused 50-60% inhibition of ulceration in the water-immersion stress model at a dose of 20 mg/kg, although the activity was not as strong as that after i.p. injection. An improvement in anti-ulcerogenic activity was observed when acetamides were administered as a suspension in 10% HCO-60. Both acetamides (II-5, II-6) caused a dose-dependent decrease of the ulcer index of restrained and water-immersion stress-loaded rats in the dosage range from 0.5 mg/kg p.o. to 5 mg/kg p.o. The lethal dose 50% values (LD50) for both acetamides were over 8 g/kg (p.o. or i.p.).
Abstract Sylvamide, a new amide derivative, has been isolated from the petrol extract of the seeds of Pipersylvaticum (Roxb.). From spectral and chemical s