Laterally ligated p-terphenyl twins containing 2-oxapropylene spacers have been synthesized. Their liquid-crystalline properties were investigated by polarizing microscopy, calorirnetry and X-ray scattering. The mesophase stability depends strongly on the topology of connection. It was found that the connection of the mesogenic units at the peripheries of the rigid cores gave twins with the highest clearing temperatures and the broadest smectic C (SC) ranges. Shifting the connecting units to the middle of the rigid cores diminished their mesophase stability. The X-ray investigations indicated that the thickness of the smectic layer was nearly independent of the position of the lateral connecting group when the same mesogens were linked. Also, twins incorporating a 1,4-disubstituted phenyl ring and a biphenyl rigid core have been prepared and they were found to exhibit broad mesomorphic ranges. Another kind of twins was obtained by the lateral–terminal connection of a p-terphenyl rigid core and a 2,5-diphenyl-l,3,4-thiadiazole calamitic unit. Again, a remarkable influence of the connecting position was observed.
含有2-氧代
丙烯间隔基的侧向键合p-三
联苯双晶已被合成。通过偏光显微镜、量热法和X射线散射研究了它们的液晶性质。中相稳定性强烈依赖于连接的拓扑结构。发现将介晶单元在刚性核的周边连接产生了具有最高清亮点温度和最宽向列相C(SC)范围的双晶。将连接单元移至刚性核的中间会降低它们的中相稳定性。X射线研究表明,当相同的介晶相连时,向列相层的厚度几乎与侧向连接基团的位置无关。此外,还制备了包含1,4-二取代苯环和
联苯刚性核的双晶,发现它们展现出宽广的介晶范围。通过p-三
联苯刚性核和
2,5-二苯基-1,3,4-噻二唑棒状单元的侧向-末端连接,获得了另一种双晶。再次观察到连接位置的显著影响。