Highly efficient hydrogenation of biomass-derived levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone catalyzed by iridium pincer complexes
作者:Wei Li、Jian-Hua Xie、Han Lin、Qi-Lin Zhou
DOI:10.1039/c2gc35650c
日期:——
A highly efficient catalytic method for hydrogenation of biomass-derived levulinic acid has been developed and the iridium trihydride complexes of PNP pincer ligands were found to be extremely active catalysts for this transformation, providing γ-valerolactone in high yields with TONs as high as 71â000.
preparation of esters from alcohols under mild, neutral conditions without the need for carboxylic acid derivatives and condensing agents was developed. Catalyst design, based on new Ru(II) hydrido carbonyl complexes incorporating electron-rich PNP and PNN ligands has resulted in the novelcomplex (I) which is an outstanding catalyst for the dehydrogenation of primary alcohols to esters and H2 under
Chiral amine–imine ligands based on trans-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines and their application in the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation
作者:Hongfeng Chen、James A. Sweet、Kin-Chung Lam、Arnold L. Rheingold、Dominic V. McGrath
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.07.010
日期:2009.7
moiety affords dramatic changes on the outcome of the stereochemistry. Evidencefrom various studies suggested that during the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reaction, nucleophilicattack onto the 1,3-diphenylallyl moiety in the transition state occurs mainly trans to the pyridine ring of the less stable conformation of the palladiumcomplexes.
Compounds having the formula
1
are hepatitis C (HCV) polymerase inhibitors. Also disclosed are a composition and method for inhibiting hepatitis C (HCV) polymerase, processes for making the compounds, and synthetic intermediates employed in the processes.