Electrophilic nitropyridines react with sulfonyl-stabilized carbanions to give products of C–H alkylation via vicarious nucleophilic substitution. The process consists of formation of the Meisenheimer-type adduct followed by base-induced β-elimination of the sulfinic acid (e.g., PhSO2H). Mechanistic studies reveal that in the latter step alkyl substituent and adjacent nitro group tend to planarize
亲电
硝基吡啶与磺酰基稳定的碳负离子反应,通过替代亲核取代产生 C-H 烷基化产物。该过程包括形成迈森海默型加合物,然后是碱诱导的亚
磺酸(例如,PhSO 2 H)的β-消除。机理研究表明,在后一步中,烷基取代基和相邻的硝基倾向于平面化,以有效稳定苄基阴离子,因此,受阻异丙基碳负离子的加合物由于空间位阻而保持稳定,以消除。