作者:Salvatore Caccamese、Anna Notti、Sebastiano Pappalardo、Melchiorre F Parisi、Grazia Principato
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00195-7
日期:1999.4
Reaction of α-picolyloxy-p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene with tri- to pentaethylene glycol ditosylates and K2CO3 regioselectively affords racemic (1,2)-bridged crown ether derivatives in the cone conformation. Their structure is firmly established by NMR spectroscopy and by comparison with appropriate (1,3)-bridged crown-6 regioisomers, synthesized by unequivocal sequences. The enantiomeric resolution of
的反应α -picolyloxy- p -叔-butylcalix [5]芳烃与三到五乙二醇ditosylates和K 2 CO 3区域选择性地得到外消旋(1,2)-bridged冠醚在锥形构象的衍生物。它们的结构是通过NMR光谱法确定的,并与通过明确序列合成的适当的(1,3)桥连的Crown-6区域异构体进行了比较。外消旋物的对映体拆分已使用对映选择性固定相通过直接HPLC分离实现。(1,2)-桥接的Crown-5衍生物的对映异构体显示出迄今为止报道的固有手性杯芳烃的最大分离因子(α)之一。
Functionalization of <i>p-tert</i>-Butylcalix[5]arene by Alkylation with 2-(Chloromethyl)pyridine Hydrochloride
作者:Sebastiano Pappalardo、George Ferguson
DOI:10.1021/jo951521l
日期:1996.1.1
A study of the base-catalyzed alkylation of p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene (1) with 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine hydrochloride (PicCl . HCl) in DMF has led to the isolation and identification of the 7 possible pyridinyl homologues of 1 in the cone conformation. Reactions of 1 with limiting amounts of alkylating agent (2 to 4 equiv) and base (CsF, KHCO3, BaO/Ba(OH)(2), K2CO3, NaH) produced invariably complex mixtures, which were separated into the pure components by chromatographic means. Regioselective 1,2,4- or 1,2,3-tri-O-alkylation has been achieved in moderate yield (21-22%) by an appropriate choice of molar ratios, solvent, and base. Pentaethers 8-10, endowed with 2-pyridinyl, 3-pyridinyl, and 2-quinolylmethyl pendant groups at the lower rim, respectively, have been also prepared in good yield. The cone conformation in solution for all new compounds has been established by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed for 1,2,3-tri-O-alkylated 5 by a single-crystal X-ray analysis. In the solid state the cone conformation of 5 is mainly determined by the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds between adjacent phenolic oxygens, and between the phenolic oxygen and the proximal pyridinyl nitrogen.