Gram-scale synthesis of the p38α MAPK-inhibitor VX-745 for preclinical studies into Werner syndrome
作者:Bagley, Mark C.、Davis, Terence、Dix, Matthew C.、Fusillo, Vincenzo、Pigeaux, Morgane、Rokicki, Michal J.、Kipling, David
DOI:10.4155/fmc.10.217
日期:——
Background: The ATP-competitive p38α MAPK inhibitor VX-745 exhibits an exquisite kinase selectivity profile, is effective in blocking p38 stress signaling in Werner syndrome dermal fibroblasts, has efficacy in clinical trials and may have therapeutic value against Werner syndrome. Previous synthetic routes, however, have only resulted in milligram quantities suitable for cell-based studies, whereas gram quantities would be required for in vivo use. Results & discussion: Microwave irradiation using a stop–flow monomodal microwave reactor has been found to facilitate scale-up of the synthesis of VX-745. Ullmann-type C–S bond formation using thiophenol, chloropyridazine, copper(I) catalyst and diol ligand proceeds rapidly and efficiently in this apparatus for elaboration to the pyrimido[1,6-b]pyridazinone core of VX-745 on gram scale and with good overall yield. Conclusion: This method delivers the p38 inhibitor VX-745 in sufficient quantities for preclinical studies to rescue the aging phenotype in Werner syndrome.
背景:ATP竞争性p38α MAPK抑制剂VX-745展现出极佳的激酶选择性概况,有效阻断Werner综合征成纤维细胞中的p38应激信号传导,在临床试验中具有疗效,并且可能对Werner综合征具有治疗价值。然而,先前的合成路线仅能制备适合基于细胞研究的毫克级数量,而体内使用则需要克级数量。
结果与讨论:研究发现,使用停流单模微波反应器进行微波照射有助于实现VX-745的合成规模扩大。采用硫酚、氯嘧啶、铜(I)催化剂和二醇配体进行Ullmann型C–S键形成,可在该装置中迅速高效地推进至VX-745的吡咯并嘧啶酮核心结构,克级规模下具有良好的总体收率。
结论:此方法可制备足够用于临床前研究的p38抑制剂VX-745,以期在Werner综合征中挽救衰老表型。