Antimicrobial toxicity studies of ionic liquids leading to a ‘hit’ MRSA selective antibacterial imidazolium salt
作者:Deborah Coleman、Marcel Špulák、M. Teresa Garcia、Nicholas Gathergood
DOI:10.1039/c2gc16090k
日期:——
Imidazolium salts can be classed as surfactants, detergents, ionic liquids, reagents, catalysts or solvents. A study of the toxicity and ecotoxicity of these salts yields valuable information for their use as pharmaceuticals as well as impact on the environment. Our approach to screen a series of chiral imidazolium salts for toxicity to bacteria and fungi, including clinical pathogen strains, has led to the identification of a âhitâ MRSA selective antimicrobial compound. Preliminary structureâactivity-relationship (SAR) information (required position of L-phenylalanine and L-valine group) is also elucidated within this first generation of compounds. Conversely, most of the imidazolium salts were nontoxic (IC95 > 2 mM) to the 12 fungi strains and 8 bacteria strains screened, and we propose that they are suitable candidates for âgreen chemistryâ applications. Ecotoxicity studies (Biodegradation ISO 14593 âCO2 Headspace Testâ) of two bromide ionic liquids containing L-phenylalanine residues indicate that these ionic liquids passed the test (>60% in 28 days) and classed as readily biodegradable.
咪唑盐可分类为表面活性剂、洗涤剂、离子液体、试剂、催化剂或溶剂。对这些盐的毒性和生态毒性的研究,为其作为药物的使用以及对环境的影响提供了宝贵的信息。我们对一系列手性咪唑盐对细菌和真菌的毒性进行了筛选,包括临床病原菌株,从而鉴定出一种针对MRSA的选择性抗菌化合物。初步的结构-活性关系(SAR)信息(L-苯丙氨酸和L-缬氨酸集团所需的定位)也在这一代化合物中得以阐明。相反,大多数咪唑盐对筛选的12种真菌株和8种细菌株无毒(IC95 > 2 mM),我们提出它们是适合“绿色化学”应用的候选物质。生态毒性研究(ISO 14593生物降解“CO2顶空测试”)表明,含有L-苯丙氨酸残基的两种溴离子液体通过了测试(28天内>60%),被归类为易于生物降解。