We report the discovery of antibacterial leads, keto- and diketo-acids, targeting two prenyl transferases: undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) and dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM). The leads were suggested by the observation that keto- and diketo-acids bind to the active site Mg2+/Asp domain in HIV-1 integrase, and similar domains are present in prenyl transferases. We report the X-ray crystallographic structures of one diketo-acid and one keto-acid bound to CrtM, which supports the Mg2+ binding hypothesis, together with the X-ray structure of one diketo-acid bound to UPPS. In all cases, the inhibitors bind to a farnesyl diphosphate substrate-binding site. Compound 45 had cell growth inhibition MIC90 values of similar to 250-500 ng/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, 500 ng/mL against Bacillus anthracis, 4 mu g/mL against Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococcus faecium, and 1 mu g/mL against Streptococcus pyogenes M1 but very little activity against Escherichia coli (DH5 alpha, K12) or human cell lines.
Inhibition of Staphyloxanthin Virulence Factor Biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus: In Vitro, in Vivo, and Crystallographic Results
摘要:
The gold color of Staphylococcus aureus is derived from the carotenoid staphyloxanthin, a virulence factor for the organism. Here, we report the synthesis and activity of a broad variety of staphyloxanthin biosynthesis inhibitors that inhibit the first committed step in its biosynthesis, condensation of two farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) molecules to dehydrosqualene, catalyzed by the enzyme dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM). The most active compounds are phosphonoacetamides that have low nanomolar K-i values for CrtM inhibition and are active in whole bacterial cells and in mice, where they inhibit S. aureus disease progression. We also report the X-ray crystallographic structure of the most active compound, N-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propylphosphonoacetamide (IC50 = 8 nM, in cells), bound to CrtM. The structure exhibits a complex network of hydrogen bonds between the polar headgroup and the protein, while the 3-phenoxyphenyl side chain is located in a hydrophobic pocket previously reported to bind farnesyl thiodiphosphate (FsPP), as well as biphenyl phosphonosulfonate inhibitors. Given the good enzymatic, whole cell, and in vivo pharmacologic activities, these results should help guide the further development of novel antivirulence factor-based therapies for S. aureus infections.
ANTI-BACTERIAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS INCLUDING TARGETING VIRULENCE FACTORS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
申请人:Oldfield Eric
公开号:US20120022024A1
公开(公告)日:2012-01-26
This disclosure relates to compositions and methods including for the inhibition, prevention, and/or treatment of microbial infections, including infections from such pathogens as
Staphylococcus aureus.
[EN] ANTI-BACTERIAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS INCLUDING TARGETING VIRULENCE FACTORS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS ANTI-BACTÉRIENNES ET PROCÉDÉS COMPRENANT LE CIBLAGE DE FACTEURS DE VIRULENCE DE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
申请人:UNIV ILLINOIS
公开号:WO2010123599A9
公开(公告)日:2011-02-17
[EN] This disclosure relates to compositions and methods including for the inhibition, prevention, and/or treatment of microbial infections, including infections from such pathogens as Staphylococcus aureus. [FR] L'invention se rapporte à des compositions et à des procédés notamment pour l'inhibition, la prévention, et/ou le traitement d'infections microbiennes, y compris des infections par des agents pathogènes tels que Staphylococcus aureus.
作者:Yonghui Zhang、Fu-Yang Lin、Kai Li、Wei Zhu、Yi-Liang Liu、Rong Cao、Ran Pang、Eunhae Lee、Jordan Axelson、Mary Hensler、Ke Wang、Katie J. Molohon、Yang Wang、Douglas A. Mitchell、Victor Nizet、Eric Oldfield
DOI:10.1021/ml300038t
日期:2012.5.10
We report the discovery of antibacterial leads, keto- and diketo-acids, targeting two prenyl transferases: undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) and dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM). The leads were suggested by the observation that keto- and diketo-acids bind to the active site Mg2+/Asp domain in HIV-1 integrase, and similar domains are present in prenyl transferases. We report the X-ray crystallographic structures of one diketo-acid and one keto-acid bound to CrtM, which supports the Mg2+ binding hypothesis, together with the X-ray structure of one diketo-acid bound to UPPS. In all cases, the inhibitors bind to a farnesyl diphosphate substrate-binding site. Compound 45 had cell growth inhibition MIC90 values of similar to 250-500 ng/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, 500 ng/mL against Bacillus anthracis, 4 mu g/mL against Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococcus faecium, and 1 mu g/mL against Streptococcus pyogenes M1 but very little activity against Escherichia coli (DH5 alpha, K12) or human cell lines.
Inhibition of Staphyloxanthin Virulence Factor Biosynthesis in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>: In Vitro, in Vivo, and Crystallographic Results
The gold color of Staphylococcus aureus is derived from the carotenoid staphyloxanthin, a virulence factor for the organism. Here, we report the synthesis and activity of a broad variety of staphyloxanthin biosynthesis inhibitors that inhibit the first committed step in its biosynthesis, condensation of two farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) molecules to dehydrosqualene, catalyzed by the enzyme dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM). The most active compounds are phosphonoacetamides that have low nanomolar K-i values for CrtM inhibition and are active in whole bacterial cells and in mice, where they inhibit S. aureus disease progression. We also report the X-ray crystallographic structure of the most active compound, N-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propylphosphonoacetamide (IC50 = 8 nM, in cells), bound to CrtM. The structure exhibits a complex network of hydrogen bonds between the polar headgroup and the protein, while the 3-phenoxyphenyl side chain is located in a hydrophobic pocket previously reported to bind farnesyl thiodiphosphate (FsPP), as well as biphenyl phosphonosulfonate inhibitors. Given the good enzymatic, whole cell, and in vivo pharmacologic activities, these results should help guide the further development of novel antivirulence factor-based therapies for S. aureus infections.