N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)imidazole-1-carbothioamide | 381666-14-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡啶及其衍生物
• 英文名称: N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)imidazole-1-carbothioamide
• CAS: 381666-14-4
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₀N₄S
• 分子量: 218.282
• InChiKey: IAPFANPZKNQBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.5
• 重原子数：
  15
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.1
• 拓扑面积：
  74.8
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (R)-2-苯基-1-丙胺 、 N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)imidazole-1-carbothioamide 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 15.0h， 生成 1-(5-methyl-2-pyridyl)-3-[(2R)-2-phenylpropyl]thiourea
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Effect of stereo and regiochemistry towards wild and multidrug resistant HIV-1 virus: viral potency of chiral PETT derivatives

  摘要：

  Chiral derivatives of several substituted halopyridyl and thiazolyl PETT compounds were synthesized as non-nucleoside inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV- 1). Molecular modeling studies indicated that because of the asymmetric geometry of the non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTI) binding pocket, the 'R' stercoisomers would fit the NNRTI binding pocket of the HIV-1 RT much better than the corresponding 'S' stereoisomers, as reflected by their 10(4)-fold lower K-i values. The 'R' stereoisomers of several PETT derivatives inhibited the recombinant RT in vitro with lower IC50 values than their enantiomers. The active compounds were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All the 'R' isomers again showed potent anti-HIV activity and inhibited the replication of the HIV-1 strains HTLVIIIB in PBMCs at nanomolar concentrations whereas their enantiomers were less potent. The lead compounds for the respective groups were further tested against A17 (NNRTI-resistant, Y181C mutant RT), and A17Var (NNI-resistant Y181C +/- K103N mutant RT) as well as multidrug resistant viral strains. The results indicated that the lead compounds were several logs more potent than the standard NNRTI drug nevirapine. Structure-activity relationship among the derivatives showed preference of pyridyl unit with halo substitutions primarily at 5-position demonstrating the importance of both the stereochemistry as well as regiochemistry. Our data provides experimental evidence that the stereochemistry and the regiochemistry of non-nucleoside inhibitors can profoundly affect their anti-HIV activity. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.bcp.2004.01.019
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-氨基-5-甲基吡啶 、 N,N'-硫羰基二咪唑 以 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)imidazole-1-carbothioamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  苯乙基噻唑硫脲（PETT）化合物，一类新的HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂。1. PETT类似物的合成及其基本的构效关系研究。

  摘要：

  描述了一系列新的有效的特异性HIV-1抑制化合物。该系列中的主要化合物N-（2-苯乙基）-N'-（2-噻唑基）硫脲（1）使用rCdG作为模板抑制HIV-1 RT，IC50为0.9 microM。在MT-4细胞中，化合物1抑制HIV-1的ED50为1.3 microM。细胞培养物中50％的细胞毒性剂量> 380 microM。通过将铅化合物概念上划分为四个象限来建立化学结构-活性关系（SAR）。搜救战略分为两个阶段。第一阶段涉及通过象限1-4的独立变化来优化抗病毒活性。第二阶段涉及制备结合了这些取代基中最好的杂化结构。进一步的SAR研究和药代动力学考虑导致鉴定N-（2-吡啶基）-N' -（5-溴-2-吡啶基）-硫脲（62; LY300046.HCl）可作为临床评估的候选药物。LY300046.HCl抑制HIV-1 RT的IC50为15 nM，在细胞培养中的ED50为20 nM。

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00025a010

文献信息

• Phenethylthiazolethiourea (PETT) Compounds, a New Class of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. 1. Synthesis and Basic Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of PETT Analogs
  作者：Frank W. Bell、Amanda S. Cantrell、Marita Hoegberg、S. Richard Jaskunas、Nils Gunnar Johansson、Christopher L. Jordan、Michael D. Kinnick、Peter Lind、John M. Morin

  DOI：10.1021/jm00025a010

  日期：1995.12

  of potent specific HIV-1 inhibitory compounds is described. The lead compound in the series, N-(2-phenethyl)-N'-(2-thiazolyl)thiourea (1), inhibits HIV-1 RT using rCdG as the template with an IC50 of 0.9 microM. In MT-4 cells, compound 1 inhibits HIV-1 with an ED50 of 1.3 microM. The 50% cytotoxic dose in cell culture is > 380 microM. The chemical structure-activity relationship (SAR) was developed

  描述了一系列新的有效的特异性HIV-1抑制化合物。该系列中的主要化合物N-（2-苯乙基）-N'-（2-噻唑基）硫脲（1）使用rCdG作为模板抑制HIV-1 RT，IC50为0.9 microM。在MT-4细胞中，化合物1抑制HIV-1的ED50为1.3 microM。细胞培养物中50％的细胞毒性剂量> 380 microM。通过将铅化合物概念上划分为四个象限来建立化学结构-活性关系（SAR）。搜救战略分为两个阶段。第一阶段涉及通过象限1-4的独立变化来优化抗病毒活性。第二阶段涉及制备结合了这些取代基中最好的杂化结构。进一步的SAR研究和药代动力学考虑导致鉴定N-（2-吡啶基）-N' -（5-溴-2-吡啶基）-硫脲（62; LY300046.HCl）可作为临床评估的候选药物。LY300046.HCl抑制HIV-1 RT的IC50为15 nM，在细胞培养中的ED50为20 nM。
• Synthesis of β‐Fluorophenethyl Halopyridyl Thiourea Compounds as Non‐nucleoside Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase
  作者：T. K. Venkatachalam、F. M. Uckun

  DOI：10.1081/scc-120039500

  日期：2004.1.1

  Abstract Synthesis of β‐fluorophenethylamines was accomplished in three steps with an overall yield of 50%. Condensation of β‐fluorophenethylamine hydrochloride with thiocarbonylimidazole derivative derived from halopyridyl amines in dimethylformamide furnished the desired thiourea compounds as crystalline solids. Several of the β‐fluorophenethyl thiourea compounds inhibited HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase

  摘要 β-氟苯乙胺的合成分三步完成，总产率为50%。β-氟苯乙胺盐酸盐与卤代吡啶基胺衍生的硫代羰基咪唑衍生物在二甲基甲酰胺中缩合得到所需的硫脲化合物，为结晶固体。几种 β-氟苯乙基硫脲化合物在纳摩尔至低微摩尔浓度下抑制 HIV-1 逆转录酶 (RT)。
• Effect of stereochemistry on the anti-HIV activity of chiral thiourea compounds
  作者：T.K Venkatachalam、C Mao、Fatih.M Uckun

  DOI：10.1016/j.bmc.2004.04.050

  日期：2004.8.1

  Chiral derivatives of several substituted halopyridyl and thiazolyl PETT compounds were synthesized as non-nucleoside inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme (NNRTI) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Molecular modeling studies indicated that because of the asymmetric geometry of the NNRTI binding pocket, the R stereoisomers would fit the NNRTI binding pocket of the HIV-1 RT much better than the corresponding S stereoisomers, as reflected by their 10(4)-fold lower K-i values. The R stereoisomers of several PETT derivatives inhibited recombinant RT in vitro with lower IC50 values than their enantiomers. The active compounds were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). All the R isomers once again showed potent anti-HIV activity and inhibited the replication of the HIV-1 strain HTLVIIIB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at nanomolar concentrations whereas their enantiomers were substantially less potent. The lead compounds in the respective groups were further tested against the NNRTI-resistant HIV strains, A17 (Y181C mutant), and A17Var (YISIC+K103N mutant) and RT MDR (V106N). The results showed that the lead compounds were several logs more potent than the standard NNRTI nevirapine. Structure-activity relationship studies also revealed a preference for the pyridyl unit with halo substitutions primarily at 5-position demonstrating the importance of regiochemistry. Our data provides experimental evidence that the stereochemistry as well as regiochemistry of NNRTI can profoundly affect their anti-HIV activity. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Substituted heterocyclic thiourea compounds as a new class of anti-allergic agents inhibiting IgE/FcεRI receptor mediated mast cell leukotriene release
  作者：T.K Venkatachalam、S Qazi、P Samuel、F.M Uckun

  DOI：10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00531-x

  日期：2003.3

  Mast cell derived leukotrienes (LT's) play a vital role in pathophysiology of allergy and asthma. We synthesized various analogues of indolyl, naphthyl and phenylethyl substituted halopyridyl, thiazolyl and benzothiazolyl thioureas and examined their in vitro effects on the high affinity IgE receptor/FcepsilonRI-mediated mast cell leukotriene release. Of the 22 naphthylethyl thiourea compounds tested, there were 7 active compounds and N-[1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(ethyl-4-acetylthiazolyl)]thiourea (17 and 16) (IC50=0.002 muM) and N-[1-(1R)-naphthylethyl]-N'-[2-(5-methylpyridyl)]thiourea (compound 5) (IC50 = 0.005 muM) were identified as the lead compounds. Among the 1l indolylethyl thiourea compounds tested, there were seven active compounds and the halopyridyl compounds N-[2-(3-indolylethyl)]-N'-[2-(5-chloropyridyl)lthiourea (24) and N-[2-(3-indolylethyl)]-N'-[2-(5-bromopyridyl)]thiourea (25) were the most active agents and inhibited the LTC4 release with low micromolar IC50 values of 4.9 and 6.1 PM, respectively. The hydroxylphenyl substituted compounds N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(5-chloropyridyl)]thiourea (37; IC50 = 12.6muM), N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyll-AT-[2-(5-bromopyridyl)]thiourea (50; IC50 16.8 muM) and N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(pyridyl)]thiourea (35; IC50 = 8.5muM) were the most active pyridyl thiourea agents. Notably, the introduction of electron withdrawing or donating groups had a marked impact on the biological activity of these thiourea derivatives and the Hammett sigma values of their substituents were identified as predictors of their potency. In contrast, experimentally determined partition coefficient values did not correlate with the biological activity of the thiourea compounds which demonstrates that their liphophilicity is not an important factor controlling their mast cell inhibitory effects. These results establish the substituted halopyridyl, indolyl and naphthyl thiourea compounds as a new chemical class of anti-allergic agents inhibiting IgE receptor/FcepsilonRI-mediated mast cell LTC4 release. Further lead optimization efforts may provide the basis for new and effective treatment as well as prevention programs for allergic asthma in clinical settings. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Inhibition of mast cell leukotriene release by thiourea derivatives
  作者：Taracad K Venkatachalam、Sanjive Qazi、Peter Samuel、Fatih M Uckun

  DOI：10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00992-7

  日期：2003.2

  Mast cell derived leukotrienes (LT's) play a vital role in pathophysiology of allergy and asthma. We synthesized various analogues of indolyl, naphthyl and phenylethyl substituted halopyridyl, thiazolyl and benzothiazolyl thioureas and examined their in vitro effects on the high affinity IgE receptor/FcERI-mediated mast cell leukotriene release. Of the 22 naphthylethyl thiourea compounds tested, there were seven active compounds and N-[1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(ethyl-4-acetylthiazolyl)]thiourea (17 and 16) (IC50 = 0.002 muM) and N-[1-(1R)-naphthylethyl]-N'-[2-(5-methylpyridyl)]thiourea (5) (IC50 = 0.005 muM) were identified as the lead compounds. Among the I I indolylethyl thiourea compounds tested, there were seven active compounds and the halopyridyl compounds N-[2-(3-indolylethyl)]-N'-[2-(5-chloropyridyl)]thiourea and N-[2-(3-indolylethyl)]-N'-[2-(5-bromopyridyl)]thiourea were the most active agents and inhibited the LTC4 release with low micromolar IC50 values of 4.9 muM and 6.1 muM, respectively. The hydroxylphenyl substituted compounds N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]- N'-[2-(5-chloropyridyl)] thiourea (IC50 = 12.6 muM), N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(5-bromopyridyl)]thiourea (IC50 = 16.8 muM) and N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-N'-[2-(pyridyl)]thiourea (IC50 = 8.5 muM) were the most active pyridyl thiourea agents. Notably, the introduction of electron withdrawing or donating groups had a marked impact on the biological activity of these thiourea derivatives and the Hammett sigma values of their substituents were identified as predictors of their potency. In contrast, experimentally determined partition coefficient values did not correlate with the biological activity of the thiourea compounds which demonstrates that their liphophilicity is not an important factor controlling their mast cell inhibitory effects. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.