Site Selective Chlorination of C(sp
<sup>3</sup>
)−H Bonds Suitable for Late‐Stage Functionalization
作者:Alexander Fawcett、M. Josephine Keller、Zachary Herrera、John F. Hartwig
DOI:10.1002/anie.202016548
日期:2021.4.6
biologically active small molecules, and an ideal route for their preparation is by the chlorination of a C(sp3)−H bond. However, most current methods for the chlorination of C(sp3)−H bonds are insufficiently site selective and tolerant of functional groups to be applicable to the late‐stage functionalization of complex molecules. We report a method for the highly selective chlorination of tertiary and benzylic
Direct chlorination of alcohols with chlorodimethylsilane catalyzed by a gallium trichloride/tartrate system under neutral conditions
作者:Makoto Yasuda、Kenji Shimizu、Satoshi Yamasaki、Akio Baba
DOI:10.1039/b804589e
日期:——
amount of GaCl(3)/diethyl tartrate to give the corresponding organic chlorides 3. In the catalytic cycle, the reaction of diethyl tartrate 4a with HSiMe(2)Cl 2 gives the chlorosilyl ether 5 with generation of H(2). Alcohol-exchange between the formed chlorosilyl ether 5 and the substrate alcohol 1 affords alkoxychlorosilane 6, which reacts with catalytic GaCl(3) to give the chlorinated product 3. The
hydroiodination of unactivated alkenes using methanesulfonic acid and inorganic halide salts (CaCl2, LiBr, LiI) in acetic acid are reported. This approach uses readily available and inexpensive reagents to provide the alkylhalides in up to 99% yield. An example of deuteriochlorination using deuterated acetic acid as the solvent is also demonstrated.
Hydrochlorination of Alkenes with Hydrochloric Acid
作者:Arnaud Olivier、Daniel S. Müller
DOI:10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00418
日期:2024.1.19
The hydrochlorination of alkenes with hydrogen chloride gas is typically limited to activated olefins. Herein, we present an innovative hydrochlorination approach utilizing hydrochloric acid within vigorously agitated solutions. Notably, the introduction of acetic acid was found to enhance the reaction rate. We substantiated the practicality of our method by conducting the hydrochlorination of styrene