Carbohydrate moiety of bromelain

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: Carbohydrate moiety of bromelain
• 英文别名: N-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-acetamido-6-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide
• 化学式: C₃₉H₆₆N₂O₂₉
• 分子量: 1026.9
• InChiKey: UNMLVGNWZDHBRA-UFAVQCRNSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -11.6
• 重原子数：
  70
• 可旋转键数：
  16
• 环数：
  6.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.95
• 拓扑面积：
  483
• 氢给体数：
  18
• 氢受体数：
  29

ADMET

毒理性

• 相互作用

与阿莫西林或四环素同时使用菠萝蛋白酶已被报告会增加这些抗生素的血药浓度。

Concomitant use of bromelain and ammoxicillin or tetracycline have been reported to increase the serum levels of these antibiotics.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

菠萝蛋白酶可能会增强华法林等药物的抗凝活性。

Bromelain may enhance the anticoagulant activity of drugs such as warfarin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

菠萝蛋白酶可能增强阿司匹林等药物的的抗凝血活性。

Bromelain may enhance the antithrombotic activity of drugs such as aspirin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，并在需要时辅助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，并在必要时进行治疗……。监测休克，并在必要时进行治疗……。预期癫痫发作，并在必要时进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在转运过程中，用生理盐水连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或呼吸停止的患者，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽插管以控制气道。使用带有气囊面罩的装置进行正压通气技术可能有益。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常。 ... 开始静脉输液，使用5%葡萄糖盐水/生理盐水： "保持开放"，最低流速/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用乳酸钠林格氏液。注意液体过载的迹象。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象。使用地西泮（安定）治疗癫痫。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗。 /毒药A和B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在生物利用度研究中，通过口服给予大鼠125I，并在之后的不同时间点采样血样，证明了菠萝蛋白酶（I）在大鼠口服给药后能从胃肠道被吸收。给药后1小时，发现最大浓度为270 ng/ml I。

Evidence that bromelains (I) is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of rats after oral administration is demonstrated in a bioavailability study in which 125I is given by oral route to rats and blood levels sampled at various times thereafter. A maximum level of 270 ng/ml I was found at one hr after administration.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

菠萝蛋白酶，一种来自菠萝植物的标准化蛋白水解酶复合物，以40%的比率不经改变地从动物肠道中被吸收。

Bromelain, a standardized complex of proteases from the pineapple plant, is absorbed unchanged from the intestine of animals at a rate of 40% ... .

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)