Fluorinated Isatin Derivatives. Part 2. New <i>N</i>-Substituted 5-Pyrrolidinylsulfonyl Isatins as Potential Tools for Molecular Imaging of Caspases in Apoptosis
作者:Anil K. Podichetty、Stefan Wagner、Sandra Schröer、Andreas Faust、Michael Schäfers、Otmar Schober、Klaus Kopka、Günter Haufe
DOI:10.1021/jm8015014
日期:2009.6.11
Caspases are responsible for the execution of the cell death program and are potentially suitable targets for the specific imaging of apoptosis in vivo. A series of N-1-substituted analogues of the small molecule nonpeptide caspase inhibitor (S)-5-[1-(2-methoxymethylpyrrolidinyl)sulfonyl]isatin (1), which may be useful for the development of caspase-targeted radioligands, were synthesized and their inhibition potencies were evaluated in vitro. Two of the most powerful techniques to introduce fluorine into organic compounds, viz, bromofluorination of olefins and fluorohydrin synthesis by ring-opening of epoxides, were used. Most of the target compounds are potent inhibitors of the two effector caspases-3 and -7. Furthermore, the F-18-radiolabeled model compound (S)-1-[4-(1-[F-18]fluoro-2-hydroxyethyl)benzyl]-5-[1-(2-methoxymethyl-pyrrolidinyl)sulfonyl]isatin ([F-18]37), a putative tracer for the noninvasive imaging of apoptosis by positron emission tomography (PET) was synthesized by nucleophilic epoxide ring-opening of its precursor 36. The radiochemistry utilized in the F-18-fluorination reverted to carrier-added [F-18]Et3N center dot 3HF, a new fluorine-18 source for radiolabeling.