Ethylene cyanohydrin is a colorless to yellow-brown liquid with a weak odor. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)
颜色/状态:
WATER-WHITE LIQUID
蒸汽密度:
2.5 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)
蒸汽压力:
0.08 MM HG @ 25 °C
自燃温度:
922 °F (494 °C)
分解:
228 °C
折光率:
Index of refraction: 1.4248 @ 20 °C/D
稳定性/保质期:
避免与潮湿的空气接触,严禁与氧化剂、潮湿空气、酸类或碱类物质接触。
计算性质
辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
-0.9
重原子数:
5
可旋转键数:
1
环数:
0.0
sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
0.666
拓扑面积:
44
氢给体数:
1
氢受体数:
2
ADMET
代谢
当羟基位于腈基的beta位置时,该化合物在体内不会水解以释放氰化物。
Apparently, when the hydroxyl group is in the beta position relative to the nitrile group, the compound is not hydrolyzed in the body to release cyanide.
Cyanide is rapidly alsorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L96)
Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性(未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其蒸汽和摄入进入人体。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
Nucleotide. XIV. Substituierte ?-Phenyl�thyl-Gruppen. Neue Schutzgruppen f�r Oligonucleotid-Synthesen nach dem Phosphors�uretriester-Verfahren
作者:Eugen Uhlmann、Wolfgang Pfleiderer
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19810640547
日期:1981.7.22
XIV. Substituted β-Phenyl-ethyl Groups. New Blocking Groups for Oligonucleotide Syntheses by the Phosphotriester Approach
十四。取代的β-苯基-乙基。磷酸三酯法寡核苷酸合成的新的封闭基团
Electrochemical Oxidative Carbon‐Atom Difunctionalization: Towards Multisubstituted Imino Sulfide Ethers
作者:Zhipeng Guan、Shuxiang Zhu、Siyuan Wang、Huamin Wang、Siyuan Wang、Xingxing Zhong、Faxiang Bu、Hengjiang Cong、Aiwen Lei
DOI:10.1002/anie.202011329
日期:2021.1.18
of functional molecules and natural products. Nonetheless, the synthesis of imino sulfide ethers, containing an N(sp2)=C(sp2)−O/S fragment, still remains a challenge because of its sensitivity to acid. Developed here in is an unprecedented electrochemical oxidative carbon‐atom difunctionalization of isocyanides, providing a series of novel multisubstituted imino sulfide ethers. Under metal‐free and