Regio- and Stereoselective Direct N-Alkenylation of Indoles via Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation
摘要:
With two different sets of Pd catalyst systems in hand, indoles, whether bearing a C3-substituent or not, can be directly alkenylated on their nitrogen atoms using a sterically and electronically diverse array of alkenes, in which the high regio- and stereoselectivity are dependent on the nature of the alkenes used. This process proceeds in generally good yields and is compatible with a broad range of functional groups.
The synthesis of N-vinylcarbazoles was achieved by the palladium-catalyzed aza-Wacker reaction of N-H carbazoles with styrenes. In this reaction, Markovnikov adducts were exclusively produced. In contrast, the reaction with electron-deficient alkenes such as acrylates and acrylamides gave only anti-Markovnikov adducts.