brilliant blue | 2650-18-2

• 物质功能分类: 染料及颜料 - 染料 - 酸性染料
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: brilliant blue
• 英文别名: azane;3-[[N-ethyl-4-[[4-[ethyl-[(3-sulfophenyl)methyl]azaniumylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-(2-sulfophenyl)methyl]anilino]methyl]benzenesulfonate
• CAS: 2650-18-2
• 化学式: C₃₇H₃₆N₂O₉S₃*2H₃N
• 分子量: 782.96
• InChiKey: QTMKCINNZVKHJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  283 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• 密度：
  1.1666 (rough estimate)
• 溶解度：
  DMSO（微溶）、乙酸乙酯（微溶）、甲醇（微溶）
• LogP：
  -3 at 23℃
• 物理描述：
  Reddish-violet powder or granules with metallic luster.
• 颜色/状态：
  Reddish-violet powder or granules with a metallic luster
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen sodium, and sulfur oxides/.
• 稳定性/保质期：
  避免强氧化剂

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  5.87
• 重原子数：
  52
• 可旋转键数：
  11
• 环数：
  5.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.16
• 拓扑面积：
  198
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  11

ADMET

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

国际癌症研究机构等级3

IARC-3

来源:Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

毒理性

• 相互作用

尽管对单个焦糖色素食品添加剂的控制是基于可接受日摄入量（ADI），但目前尚无明确信息显示这些添加剂的组合如何影响食品安全。在当前研究中，研究了单一使用和组合使用焦糖色素对神经祖细胞（NPC）毒性的效力，这是发育阶段的生物标志物，以及神经发生，这指示成人中枢神经系统（CNS）功能。Allura红AC和苋菜红减少了小鼠多能NPC中NPC的增殖和存活，在发育中的CNS模型中。在测试的几种组合中，将柠檬黄和亮蓝Fcf组合使用，在韩国平均日摄入量的1000倍以上，显著减少了成年小鼠海马区新产生细胞数量，表明对海马神经发生有强烈的不良作用。然而，包括Allura红AC和苋菜红在内的其他组合并未影响齿状回的成年海马神经发生。证据表明，大多数焦糖色素食品添加剂的单个和组合使用在发育NPC和成年海马神经发生方面可能是安全的。然而，对于过高的剂量的柠檬黄和亮蓝Fcf组合的响应表明可能有协同效应，以抑制成人海马区NPC的增殖。数据显示，焦糖色素的组合可能对发育和成年海马神经发生产生不利影响...

Although individual tar food colors are controlled based on acceptable daily intake (ADI), there is no apparent information available for how combinations of these additives affect food safety. In the current study, the potencies of single and combination use of /dyes/ were examined on neural progenitor cell (NPC) toxicity, a biomarker for developmental stage, and neurogenesis, indicative of adult central nervous system (CNS) functions. /Allura red AC/ and /amaranth/ reduced NPC proliferation and viability in mouse multipotent NPC, in the developing CNS model. Among several combinations tested in mouse model, combination of /tartrazine /and /brilliant blue FCF / at 1000-fold higher than average daily intake in Korea significantly decreased numbers of newly generated cells in adult mouse hippocampus, indicating potent adverse actions on hippocampal neurogenesis. However, other combinations including /allura red AC/ and /amaranth/ did not affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Evidence indicates that single and combination use of most tar food colors may be safe with respect to risk using developmental NPC and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. However, the response to excessively high dose combination of /tartrazine/ and /brilliant blue FCF/ suggestive of synergistic effects to suppress proliferation of NPC in adult hippocampus. Data indicated that combinations of tar colors may adversely affect both developmental and adult hippocampal neurogenesis...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 立即急救：确保已经进行了充分的中和。如果患者停止呼吸，请开始人工呼吸，最好使用需求阀复苏器、球囊阀面罩设备或口袋面罩，按训练操作。如有必要，执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果患者呕吐，让患者向前倾或将其置于左侧（如果可能的话，头部向下），以保持呼吸道畅通，防止吸入。保持患者安静，维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。 /毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有需要，辅助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，如有必要，进行治疗……。监测休克，如有必要，进行治疗……。预防癫痫发作，如有必要，进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）持续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的呕吐反射且不流口水，用温水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污染后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

/SRP:/ 高级治疗：对于无意识、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……。对于严重的支气管痉挛，考虑给予β激动剂，如沙丁胺醇……。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……。开始静脉输注D5W /SRP: "保持开放"，最低流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%生理盐水（NS）或乳酸林格氏液。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象……。使用地西泮或劳拉西泮治疗癫痫……。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……。 /毒物A和B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

（14）C标记的绿色S和亮蓝色FCF在大鼠、小鼠和豚鼠中的吸收、代谢和排泄已经进行了研究。在给予雄性或雌性大鼠单次口服剂量为100微克/公斤的绿色S或10毫克/公斤的亮蓝色FCF，以及30微克/公斤或3毫克/公斤的亮蓝色FCF后，大部分剂量在72小时内以未改变的形式在粪便中排出。在用（14）C标记的色素处理之前，通过食物预先给予雄性大鼠未标记的绿色S或亮蓝色FCF（分别为100毫克/公斤/天或30毫克/公斤/天）21天，对此途径的排泄或消除所有标记所需的时间没有影响。同样，雄性小鼠和豚鼠也以粪便形式排出了单次口服剂量的绿色S或亮蓝色FCF。通过对三个研究物种的小肠隔离环的研究，证实了标记染料在胃肠道中的吸收和代谢缺乏。研究显示，给予（14）C标记的绿色S或亮蓝色FCF的怀孕大鼠的胎儿没有摄取到放射性。

The absorption, metabolism and excretion of (14)C-labelled Green S and Brilliant Blue FCF have been studied in the rat, mouse and guinea-pig. Following administration of a single oral dose of Green S at either 100 ug/kg or 10 mg/kg of Brilliant Blue FCF at either 30 ug/kg or 3 mg/kg to male or female rats, substantially all of the dose was excreted unchanged in the feces within 72 hr. Pretreating male rats with unlabelled Green S or Brilliant Blue FCF in the diet (100 or 30 mg/kg day, respectively) for 21 days prior to dosing with (14)C-labelled coloring had no effect on the route of excretion or the time taken to eliminate all of the label. Similarly male mice and guinea-pigs excreted in the feces all of a single oral dose of Green S or Brilliant Blue FCF. The lack of absorption and metabolism of the labelled dye in the gastro-intestinal tract of all three species investigated was confirmed by studies using isolated loops of small intestine. It was shown that no radioactivity was taken up by the fetuses of pregnant rats given (14)C-labelled Green S or Brilliant Blue FCF.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

Sprague-Dawley雌性大鼠通过灌胃给予单次剂量的(14)C标记色素（0.27毫克；1.74微居里）。在胆管结扎的大鼠中，FD & C蓝NO.1的肠吸收量（从口服给药后96小时内的尿液(14)C排泄、呼出的(14)CO2以及内脏和组织的残留放射性估计）平均为剂量的2.05%。平均粪便排泄量为97.28%，施用放射性的总回收率为99.38%。完整大鼠对(14)C-FD & C蓝NO.1的肠吸收平均仅为0.27%（91%回收率），而在胆管插管动物中的胆汁排泄量平均为剂量的1.32%。尿液和胆汁样本的薄层色谱分析显示，约95%的排泄放射性是未改变的FD & C蓝NO.1，约5%是FD & C蓝NO.1的一种未识别的代谢物或降解产物。结果表明，FD & C蓝NO.1从胃肠道的吸收很差，并且吸收的化合物随后会经历快速而完全的胆汁排泄。

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single dose (0.27 mg; 1.74 uCi) of the (14)C-labelled coloring by gavage. In bile-duct ligated rats, intestinal absorption of FD & C Blue No.1 (estimated from urinary (14)C excretion, expired (14)CO2 and residual radioactivity in internal organs and tissues 96 hr after oral administration) averaged 2.05% of the dose. Mean fecal excretion was 97.28% and the total recovery of administered radioactivity was 99.38%. Intestinal absorption (14)C-FD & C Blue No. 1 in intact rats averaged only 0.27% (91% recovery), while biliary excretion in bile-duct cannulated animals averaged 1.32% of the dose. Thin-layer chromatography of urine and bile samples revealed that about 95% of excreted radioactivity was unaltered FD & C Blue No. 1 and that about 5% was an unidentified metabolite or degradation product of FD & C Blue No. 1. The results show that FD & C Blue No.1 is poorly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract, and undergoes subsequent rapid and complete biliary excretion /of the absorbed compound/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在5小时内，大鼠胆汁中排出的标记剂量（3毫克/千克体重）小于0.05%。在妊娠第8天口服给予（14）C标记的亮蓝FCF的怀孕大鼠中，第11天在胎儿中检测到的放射性非常低（剂量的0.004 - 0.006%）。亮蓝FCF在中心甲烷环上用（14）C标记，其放射性纯度超过95%。

... Less than 0.05% of a labeled dose of 3 mg/kg bw was excreted in the bile of rats over a 5-hour period. Very little radioactivity (0.004 - 0.006% of dose) was detected on day 11 in the fetuses of pregnant rats given (14)C-labelled Brilliant Blue FCF orally on day 8 of gestation. ... Brilliant Blue FCF was labeled with (14)C in the central methane ring and had a radioactive purity of greater than 95%. ...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在给雄性或雌性大鼠通过灌胃给予30微克/千克体重或3毫克/千克体重的(14)C-亮蓝色FCF后，几乎所有剂量的药物在72小时内未发生变化地通过粪便排出（低剂量时为99.9%，高剂量时为95.4%）。在呼出的空气中没有检测到放射性，尿液中检测到的量少于0.5%。...

Following administration of either 30 ug/kg bw or 3 mg/kg bw of (14)C-Brilliant Blue FCF by gavage to male or female rats, substantially all of the dose was excreted unchanged in the feces within 72 hours (99.9% at low dose, 95.4% at high dose). No radioactivity was detected in the expired air and less than 0.5% was detected in the urine. ...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• WGK Germany：
  3
• RTECS号：
  BQ4725000

制备方法与用途

化学性质

蓝紫色粉末，易溶于水，在90℃时的溶解度为50g/L。其水溶液呈绿光蓝色，加入氢氧化钠后几乎无色，并伴有深紫色沉淀出现；可溶于乙醇；在浓硫酸中呈现橙色，稀释后则变为淡黄色。染色时对铜、铁离子敏感，会影响色光。

用途

酸性蓝 FG 适用于羊毛、蚕丝、锦纶及其混纺织物的染色和直接印花，色泽鲜艳且匀染性良好。在与羊毛和其他纤维同浴染色时，可使蚕丝上染，但对锦纶有严重的沾色现象，而醋酸纤维和纤维素纤维则略有沾色。此外，此染料还可作为食品着色剂及有机颜料使用，并适用于皮革、纸张等的着色。

用途

酸性蓝 FG 适用于丝绸、羊毛和锦纶的染色与印花。

生产方法

以 N-乙基-N-间磺酸苄基苯胺和邻磺酸基苯甲醛为原料。首先将两者在酸性条件下进行缩合，然后经稀释中和后用重铬酸钾氧化得到产物。之后通过过滤、盐析、分离、烘干及粉碎等步骤最终获得成品。