虽然大多数临床使用的抗生素来自天然产物,但新的广谱天然产物的分离变得越来越罕见,而且由于其支架或靶标的内在限制,通常认为窄谱药物不适合开发。然而,天然产物抗生素的谱可能会受到某些细菌特定耐药机制的限制,例如靶点突变,并且这种“潜在”抗生素的谱可能会通过衍生化重新优化,就像之前所做的那样临床部署的抗生素。我们最近展示了 arylomycin 天然产物抗生素的谱系,它们通过抑制 I 型信号肽酶的新机制起作用,比以前认为的更广泛,并且几种关键人类病原体的耐药性是由于目标肽酶中存在特定的 Pro 残基,该残基破坏了与抗生素脂肽尾部的相互作用。为了开始测试这种天然抗性是否可以通过衍生化来克服,我们合成了脂肽尾部改变的类似物,并确定了几种具有增加的抗金黄色葡萄球菌。数据支持了芳霉素是潜在抗生素的假设,表明它们的谱可以通过衍生化进行优化,并确定了未来优化工作可能会关注的有前途的支架。
Arylomycin analogs are provided, wherein the analogs can have broad spectrum bioactivity. Resistance to the antibiotic bioactivity of natural product arylomycin in a range of pathogenic bacterial species has been found to depend upon single amino acid mutations at defined positions of bacterial Signal Peptidases (SPases), wherein the presence of a proline residue confers arylomycin resistance. Arylomycin analogs are provided herein that can overcome that resistance and provide for a broader spectrum of antibiotic bioactivity than can natural product arylomycins such as arylomycin A2. Methods for determining if a bacterial strain is susceptible to narrow spectrum arylomycin antibiotics, or if a broad spectrum analog is required for treatment, is provided. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment of bacterial infections, and methods of synthesis of arylomycin analogs, are provided.