Quinidine Thiourea-Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of Unactivated Ketones: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 3-Alkyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones
作者:Qunsheng Guo、Mayur Bhanushali、Cong-Gui Zhao
DOI:10.1002/anie.201004161
日期:2010.12.3
New catalysis mechanism! The asymmetricaldolreaction of unactivated ketones and activated carbonyl compounds is realized with a quinidine‐derived thiourea catalyst (see scheme), and involves an enolate mechanism instead of the widely used enamine mechanism. With isatins as the substrate, the reaction can be applied to the enantioselective synthesis of biologically active 3‐hydroxyindolin‐2‐ones.
Highly enantioselective aldol reaction of acetaldehyde and isatins only with 4-hydroxydiarylprolinol as catalyst: concise stereoselective synthesis of (R)-convolutamydines B and E, (−)-donaxaridine and (R)-chimonamidine
A highly enantioselectivealdolreaction of acetaldehyde and a wide scope of isatins has been presented only using readily available 4-hydroxydiarylprolinol as catalyst, affording various desired 3-substituted 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one adducts with moderate to high yield (up to 95%) and good enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). This method not only represents an example of concise stereoselective synthesis
Enantioselective organocatalytic aldol reaction of unactivated ketones with isatins
作者:Suresh Allu、Nagaraju Molleti、Ramachandrarao Panem、Vinod K. Singh
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.013
日期:2011.8
Enantioselectiveorganocatalytic direct aldol reaction of unactivated ketones with various isatin derivatives was developed using cinchonine based urea ligand employing a noncovalent catalysis mechanism. Using this protocol we can access functionalized 3-alkyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities.
Screening of simple N-aryl and N-heteroaryl pyrrolidine amide organocatalysts for the enantioselective aldol reaction of acetone with isatin
作者:Michael Kinsella、Patrick G. Duggan、Claire M. Lennon
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.07.016
日期:2011.7
We have screened a range of simple N-aryl and N-heteroaryl pyrrolidine amide organocatalysts incorporating N-pyridyl and N-quinolinyl groups in the synthetically useful aldol reaction of isatin with acetone. The 'reverse amide' N-pyridyl pyrrolidinylmethyl amide catalysts proved highly catalytically active but gave disappointing enantioselectivities. However, an N-3-pyridyl prolinamide catalyst gave the aldol adduct in high yields and high enantioselectivity with up to 72% ee of the (S)-isomer. Conditions were optimised for this catalyst and in particular an additive screen identified a link between the pK(a) of the acid additive and the yield and enantioselectivity. An N-arylsulfonamide prolinamide was also identified as a catalyst for this reaction giving the (R)-enantiomer in 68% ee. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Primary amine catalyzed aldol reaction of isatins and acetaldehyde
作者:Qunsheng Guo、John Cong-Gui Zhao
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.01.108
日期:2012.4
alkaloid-derived chiral primary amines were applied as the catalyst for the cross aldol reaction of isatins with acetaldehyde. With the quinine-derived amine catalyst 3, the desired aldol products were obtained in high yields and good enantioselectivities (up to 93% ee) under the optimized conditions. Although other enolizable aldehydes and ketones may also be applied in this reaction, the ee values obtained