diacetylglycerol | 25395-31-7

• 物质功能分类: 化学试剂 - 有机试剂 - 酯类
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: diacetylglycerol
• CAS: 25395-31-7
• 化学式: C7H12O5
• 分子量: 176.167

物化性质

• 熔点：
  -30 °C
• 沸点：
  280 °C
• 密度：
  1.17 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• 蒸气密度：
  6.1 (vs air)
• 闪点：
  >230 °F
• 溶解度：
  酒精：可溶（lit.）
• LogP：
  -0.640

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 安全说明：
  S24/25
• WGK Germany：
  1
• 海关编码：
  29153930
• RTECS号：
  AK3325000
• 危险性防范说明：
  P305+P351+P338
• 危险性描述：
  H227,H315,H319,H335

制备方法与用途

鉴别试验

溶解度 溶于水，混溶于乙醇(OT-42)。
甘油试验阳性 取试样数滴于试管中，与硫酸氢钾约0.5g共热，有刺鼻的丙烯醛挥发出来。
醋酸酯试验阳性(IT-1)。

含量分析

准确称取试样1g，移人一适当的耐压瓶中，加1mol/L氢氧化钾溶液25ml和异丙醇15ml，加塞，包裹于一帆布袋中。于(98±2)℃水浴中加热1h，水浴中的水位应刚好高出瓶中的液位。加热后将瓶从水浴中取出，在空气中冷至室温，松开所包帆布，开塞释出残余压力，然后解掉帆布包。加酚酞试液(TS-167)6~8滴，用0.5mol/L硫酸滴定过量的碱至刚出现粉红色。同时进行空白试验。每毫升0.5mol/L硫酸相当于C₇H₁₂O₅ 44.04mg。

毒性

ADI值不作特殊规定(FAO/WHO，2001)。

使用限量

不作限制性规定。

化学性质 

无色透明吸水性近似油状液体，具有轻微脂肪气味，略有苦味。主要由1，2-和1，3-二乙酸甘油酯组成，含有少量的单乙酸甘油酯和三乙酸甘油酯。平均沸点259℃，折射率1.44。混溶于水、苯和乙醇。

用途 

载体溶剂(虫胶、树脂等)。

用途 

用作树脂、樟脑、纤维素衍生物的溶剂

用途 

双醋酯为优良、高效、安全无毒的有机溶剂。

生产方法 

由lmol甘油和2mol冰醋酸共热而得。

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  水 、 三醋精 生成 乙酸盐 、 diacetylglycerol 、 氢(+1)阳离子
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Expression and characterization of the protein Rv1399c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  摘要：

  The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contains an unusually high number of proteins involved in the metabolism of lipids belonging to the Lip family, including various nonlipolytic and lipolytic hydrolases. Driven by a structural genomic approach, we have biochemically characterized the Rv1399c gene product, LipH, previously annotated as a putative lipase. Rv1399c was overexpressed in E. coli as inclusion bodies and refolded. Rv1399c efficiently hydrolyzes soluble triacylglycerols and vinyl esters. It is inactive against emulsified substrate and its catalytic activity is strongly inhibited by the diethyl paranitrophenyl phosphate (E600). These kinetic behaviors unambiguously classify Rv1399c as a nonlipolytic rather than a lipolytic hydrolase. Sequence alignment reveals that this enzyme belongs to the α/β hydrolase fold family and shares 30–40% amino acid sequence identity with members of the hormone‐sensitive lipase subfamily. A model of Rv1399c derived from homologous three‐dimensional structures reveals a canonical catalytic triad (Ser162, His290 and Asp260) located at the bottom of a solvent accessible pocket lined by neutral or charged residues. Based on this model, kinetic data of the Arg213Ala mutant partially explain the role of the guanidinium moiety, located close to His290, to confer an unusual low pH shift of the catalytic histidine in the wild type enzyme. Overall, these data identify Rv1399c as a new nonlipolytic hydrolase from M. tuberculosis and we thus propose to reannotate its gene product as NLH‐H.

  DOI：

  10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04335.x