Direct, Regioselective, and Chemoselective Preparation of Novel Boronated Tryptophans by Friedel–Crafts Alkylation
摘要:
A facile synthetic approach to the direct preparation of various novel unnatural boronated protected tryptophans using a regio- and chemoselective electrophilic substitution of 4- and 5-boronated indoles with N-protected dehydroalanine is described. The gram-scale synthesis of two free tryptophan boronic acids is also reported.
Direct, Regioselective, and Chemoselective Preparation of Novel Boronated Tryptophans by Friedel–Crafts Alkylation
摘要:
A facile synthetic approach to the direct preparation of various novel unnatural boronated protected tryptophans using a regio- and chemoselective electrophilic substitution of 4- and 5-boronated indoles with N-protected dehydroalanine is described. The gram-scale synthesis of two free tryptophan boronic acids is also reported.
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary therapeutic approach. Nonradioactive boron-10 atoms accumulated in tumor cells combining with the neutron beams produce two highly energetic particles that could eradicate the cell that takes it and the neighboring cells. Small molecules that carry boron atom, e.g. 5- and 6-boronated and 2,7-diboronated tryptophans, were assessed for their boron accumulation in U87-MG, LN229, and 3T3 for BNCT. TriBoc tryptophan, TB-6-BT, shows boron-10 at 300 ppm in both types of tumor cells with a tumor to normal ratio (T/N) of 5.19-5.25 (4 h). TB-5-BT and DBA-5-BT show boron-10 at 300 ppm (2 h) in U87-MG cells. TB-5-BT exerts a T/N of >9.66 (1 h) in LN229 compared with the current clinical boronophenyl alanine with a highest T/N of 2.3 (1 h) and accumulation concentration of <50 ppm. TB-5-BT and TB-6-BT warrant further animal study.