Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of 3,6-Diphenyl-9-hexyl-9H-carbazole Derivatives Bearing Electron Withdrawing Groups
摘要:
3,6-Diphenyl-9-hexyl-9H-carbazole derivatives bearing electron withdrawing groups, such as the formyl or the nitro-group in 4-positions of the phenyl substituents, were prepared and characterized. Their photophysical properties were evaluated and compared with those of the unsubstituted counterpart 3,6-diphenyl-9-hexyl-9H-carbazole. The electron withdrawing groups bearing compounds exhibited considerable red shifts of the absorption and the emission maxima. While 3,6-di(4-nitrophenyl)-9-hexyl-9H-carbazole emitted in the orange region of the visible spectrum with its emission maximum peaking at 585 nm, 3,6-di(4-formylphenyl)-9-hexyl-9H-carbazole gave a pure blue emission with a luminescence quantum yield of 95% peaking at 450 nm. Observed features were explained using quantum mechanical calculations and organic light emitting diodes using the formylphenyl substituted compound as emissive layer were built demonstrating the practical applicability of this class of compounds.
(h-CPDM) and N-isooctyl substituents (i-CPDM) were synthesized, and both of them presented remarkable dual properties of solvatochromism and mechanoresponsive luminescence (MRL) turn-on. The intrinsic intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristic endowed both luminophors with a prominent solvatochromic effect, with emission color tuning from blue to orange-red by changing the solvent from nonpolar
Three novel carbazole-based A-pi-D-pi-A-featured dyes (CSG1-CSG3) have been designed, synthesized for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells and fully characterized with NMR, MS, IR, UV-vis and electrochemical measurements. These dyes share the same donor (N-hexylcarbazole) and acceptor/anchoring group (cyanoacrylic acid), but differs in conjugated linkers incorporated, such as benzene, furan or thiophene, to configure the novel A-pi-D-pi-A framework for effective electron flow. The power conversion efficiencies were observed to be sensitive to the p-bridging linker moiety. The photovoltaic experiments showed that dye with a benzene linker exhibited a higher open-circuit voltage (0.699 V) compared to thiophene and furan linker. Among all dyes, CSG2 containing a thiophene linker exhibited the maximum overall conversion efficiency of 3.8% (J(SC) = 8.90 mA cm (2), V-OC = 584 mV, FF = 0.74) under standard global AM 1.5 G solar condition. Under similar fabrication conditions, champion dye N719 exhibited the maximum overall conversion efficiency of 6.4% (J(SC) = 14.74 mA cm (2), V-OC = 606 mV, FF = 0.716). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.