The efficient palladium-catalyzed alkynylation of electron-rich bromoheteroarenes, incorporating deactivating electron-donating methyl and methoxy groups, and the (hetero)arylation of diynes, take place in the imidazolium ionic liquid [BMIM][BF4], as a highly polar non-volatile solvent. This method may constitute a sustainable alternative to classical solvents such as dioxane, DMF, NMP, or DMAc. New enynes are formed in the presence of a system encompassing a copper-free palladium catalyst, triphenylphosphine as ligand, and various inexpensive bases. The enyne molecules reported are selectively synthesized in high yields and are mostly unprecedented.
在
咪唑离子液体[BMIM][BF4]这种高极性非挥发性溶剂中,可以高效地催化富电子
溴杂
环戊烯的炔化反应,以及二炔(杂)芳基化反应。这种方法可以替代
二恶烷、
DMF、
NMP 或
DMAc 等传统溶剂。新的
炔烃是在一个包含无
铜钯催化剂、三苯基
膦配体和各种廉价碱的体系中形成的。报告中的炔分子是以高产率选择性合成的,而且大多是前所未有的。