This invention relates to tetrahydro-naphthalene and urea derivatives and salts thereof which are useful as active ingredients of pharmaceutical preparations. The tetrahydro-naphthalene and urea derivatives of the present invention have vanilloid receptor (VR1) antagonistic activity, and can be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases associated with VR1 activity, in particular for the treatment of urological diseases or disorders, such as detrusor overactivity (overactive bladder), urinary incontinence, neurogenic detrusor overactivity (detrusor hyperflexia), idiopathic detrusor overactivity (detrusor instability), benign prostatic hyperplasia, and lower urinary tract symptoms; chronic pain, neuropathic pain, postoperative pain, rheumatoid arthritic pain, neuralgia, neuropathies, algesia, nerve injury, ischaemia, neurodegeneration, stroke, and inflammatory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary (or airways) disease (COPD).
electrolysis setup gives rise to divergent siteselectivity: a divided electrochemical cell leads to C5-carboxylation, whereas an undivided cell promotes C4-carboxylation. The undivided cell reaction is proposed to operate via a paired electrolysis mechanism9,10, wherein both cathodic and anodic events play critical roles in altering the siteselectivity. Specifically, anodically-generated iodine preferentially