Pd-PEPPSI-IPent: An Active, Sterically Demanding Cross-Coupling Catalyst and Its Application in the Synthesis of Tetra-Ortho-Substituted Biaryls
作者:Michael G. Organ、Selçuk Çalimsiz、Mahmoud Sayah、Ka Hou Hoi、Alan J. Lough
DOI:10.1002/anie.200805661
日期:2009.3.16
series of N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysts (see picture) were prepared and evaluated in the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. A variety of sterically encumbered tetra‐ortho‐substituted biaryl products were formed from unreactive aryl chlorides using the isopentyl‐substituted catalyst at temperatures ranging from 65 °C to room temperature. The cyclopentyl‐substituted catalyst was virtually inactive, demonstrating
Hepatitis C virus inhibitors are disclosed having the general formula:(I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R', B, Y and X are described in the description. Compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds to inhibit HCV are also disclosed.
公开了具有通式:(I) 的丙型肝炎病毒抑制剂,其中 R1、R2、R3、R'、B、Y 和 X 已在说明中描述。还公开了包含这些化合物的组合物和使用这些化合物抑制 HCV 的方法。
Efficient Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides with Thiophene- and Furanboronic Acids in Aqueous <i>n-</i>Butanol
作者:Christoph A. Fleckenstein、Herbert Plenio
DOI:10.1021/jo8001886
日期:2008.4.1
An efficient Suzuki cross-coupling protocol enables the reaction of N-hetero and normal aryl chlorides with thiophene- and furanboronic acids. Coupling is effected in aqueous n-butanol as the solvent in near quantitative yield with a catalyst loading of 0.1 - 1 mol %. For heterocyclic substrates aqueous catalysis is found to be more efficient than Suzuki coupling under anhydrous conditions. The developed Suzuki coupling procedure utilizes biodegradable solvents and is useful for large scale reactions, as it includes the facile product separation from a biphasic solvent mixture without the need for additional organic solvents during workup.