A cascade approach to the synthesis of 5-(indol-3-yl)hydantoin framework has been developed by the reaction of indole with glyoxylic acid/pyruvic acid under a deep eutectic solution, (+)-tartaric acid-dimethylurea. N,N′-Dimethylurea from a deep eutectic solution functions as a reactant as well as a solvent mixture. Isolation of the intermediate, 5-hydroxyhydantoin, and its reaction with indole provides
first chemical synthesis of a bisindole alkaloid, pseudellone C, was achieved in 44 % overall yield. The highlighting features of the synthesis include the fact that it is protecting-group free, economic and commercially available starting materials are used, and the pure product can be obtained on a gram scale through one single purification process. The key step of this synthesis is the formation
Indolyl Carboxylic Acids by Condensation of Indoles with α-Keto Acids
作者:Thomas R. Garbe、Miki Kobayashi、Naoki Shimizu、Naohide Takesue、Masatomi Ozawa、Hideaki Yukawa
DOI:10.1021/np990517s
日期:2000.5.1
pyruvic acid gave the novel 2-(2-tryptophanyl)lactic acid (4). The condensation reaction between indoles and alpha-keto acids was of general nature, and the mild reaction conditions suggested it may proceed in vivo. Examples for endogenous occurrence may be the neuro-degenerative diseases phenylketonuria and maple syrup urine disease, both characterized by elevated blood levels of alpha-keto acids.
for the rapid synthesis of 3,3′-Diindolylmethanes (DIMs) via coppercatalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles in 25 min has been developed. This protocol also has the advantage of H2O as a by-product, room temperature and air condition, prefunctionalization-free of indoles, good C-3 selectivity of indoles, broad substrate scope, good reactivity (TON of up to 19.6, TOF of 972 h-1) and excellent to