Ferric(III) Nitrate: An Efficient Catalyst for the Regioselective Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Indoles and tert-Enamides in Water
作者:Ran Jiang、Xiao-Jin Wu、Xu Zhu、Xiao-Ping Xu、Shun-Jun Ji
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201000994
日期:2010.11
The ferric nitrate catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reactions of various indoles and tertiary enamides, which proceed in water at room temperature, are demonstrated for an efficient, atom-economical and environmentally friendly route to produce indole derivatives under mild conditions. Based on experimental data and mechanistic studies, the iron(III) ion was found to activate the electron-rich C=C bond with
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Indoles by tert-Enamides in Acetic Acid
作者:Xiao-Ping Xu、Shun-Jun Ji、Ying Zhang、Jing Jiang、Xue-Qiang Chu、Ran Jiang、Dan-Hua Li
DOI:10.1055/s-0031-1290605
日期:2012.3
In acetic acid, Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles by tert-enamides proceeded effectively in the absence of any catalyst to afford the pharmacologically and biologically active 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine derivatives in moderate to good yields. The mechanistic study based on the NMR and HRMS analysis shows that the reaction was promoted by acid catalysis. The hydrogen-bond interaction between tert-enamides and AcOH may also be responsible for the reaction.