2,5-diisopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone | 33685-58-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: 2,5-diisopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone
• 英文别名: 2,5-diisopropyl-p-benzoquinone；2,5-di-isopropylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione；2,5-Diisopropyl-p-benzochinon；2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2,5-bis(1-methylethyl)-；2,5-di(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
• CAS: 33685-58-4
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₆O₂
• 分子量: 192.258
• InChiKey: YVZNXZLRCMDYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  262.9±15.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.032±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.3
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  34.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,5-diisopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 为溶剂， 生成 3-(2,6-Dichloro-phenyl)-7-hydroxy-5,7-diisopropyl-7H-benzo[d]isoxazol-4-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  The Reaction of Nitrile Oxide-Quinone Cycloadducts. III. Reinvestigation of the Base-Induced Isomerization of the 1 : 1 -C=C-Adducts of Aromatic Nitrile Oxides with 2,5- and 2,6-Dialkyl-Substitutedp-Benzoquinones

  摘要：

  通过X射线分析确定了2,5-二-叔丁基-p-苯醌与2,6-二氯苯腈氧化物的1,3-极性环加成物在碱引发异构化后的产物结构。1,3-极性环加成物中桥头位置的叔丁基团迁移至相邻的羰基碳原子。这种碱引发的重排在含有庞大取代基（即乙基、异丙基、叔丁基和苄基）的腈氧化物-醌环加成物在醇介质中发生。这一反应的驱动力被认为是由于从异噁唑啉衍生物到异噁唑融合p-喹啉衍生物的芳构化稳定作用。

  DOI：

  10.1246/bcsj.72.2549
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,5-diisopropylaniline 在 硫酸 、 sodium nitrite 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 0.58h， 以41%的产率得到2,5-diisopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  The Reaction of Nitrile Oxide-Quinone Cycloadducts. III. Reinvestigation of the Base-Induced Isomerization of the 1 : 1 -C=C-Adducts of Aromatic Nitrile Oxides with 2,5- and 2,6-Dialkyl-Substitutedp-Benzoquinones

  摘要：

  通过X射线分析确定了2,5-二-叔丁基-p-苯醌与2,6-二氯苯腈氧化物的1,3-极性环加成物在碱引发异构化后的产物结构。1,3-极性环加成物中桥头位置的叔丁基团迁移至相邻的羰基碳原子。这种碱引发的重排在含有庞大取代基（即乙基、异丙基、叔丁基和苄基）的腈氧化物-醌环加成物在醇介质中发生。这一反应的驱动力被认为是由于从异噁唑啉衍生物到异噁唑融合p-喹啉衍生物的芳构化稳定作用。

  DOI：

  10.1246/bcsj.72.2549

文献信息

• A New Selective Method for the Homolytic Alkylation and Carboxylation of Quinones by Monoesters of Oxalic Acid
  作者：Fausta Coppa、Francesca Fontana、Edoardo Lazzarini、Francesco Minisci

  DOI：10.1246/cl.1992.1299

  日期：1992.7

  Alkyl and alkoxycarbonyl radicals were generated by oxidative decarboxylation of oxalic acid monoesters by persulfate; they were then utilized for the selective substitution of quinones.

  草酸单酯被过硫酸盐氧化脱羧生成烷基和烷氧羰基；然后将它们用于醌的选择性取代。
• Quinone C–H Alkylations via Oxidative Radical Processes
  作者：Ryan Baxter、Akil Hamsath、Jordan Galloway

  DOI：10.1055/s-0037-1610005

  日期：2018.8

  context of selecting optimum radical precursors and initiators depending on quinone identity and functional groups present. A brief survey of radical additions to quinones is reported. Carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and unprotected amino acids are compared as alkyl radical precursors for the mono- or bis- C–H alkylation of several quinones. Two methods for radical initiation are discussed comparing inorganic

  作为特别主题“现代自由基方法及其在合成中的战略应用”的一部分发布 抽象的 报告了对醌中自由基的简要调查。将羧酸，醛和未保护的氨基酸作为烷基醌的前体进行了比较，以进行多个醌的单-或双-C H烷基化。讨论了两种引发自由基的方法，比较了无机过硫酸盐和Selectfluor作为化学计量的氧化剂。动力学分析表明，自由基引发速率的显着差异取决于自由基前体和氧化剂的特性。在根据醌特性和所存在的官能团选择最佳自由基前体和引发剂的背景下，讨论了有效生产烷基醌的合成策略。 报告了对醌中自由基的简要调查。将羧酸，醛和未保护的氨基酸作为烷基醌的前体进行了比较，以进行多个醌的单-或双-C H烷基化。讨论了两种引发自由基的方法，比较了无机过硫酸盐和Selectfluor作为化学计量的氧化剂。动力学分析表明，自由基引发速率的显着差异取决于自由基前体和氧化剂的特性。在根据醌特性和所存在的官能团选择最佳自由基前体和引发剂的
• Cross-Linking and Sequence-Specific Alkylation of DNA by Aziridinylquinones. 3. Effects of Alkyl Substituents
  作者：Robert H. J. Hargreaves、C. Caroline O'Hare、John A. Hartley、David Ross、John Butler

  DOI：10.1021/jm991007y

  日期：1999.6.1

  cytotoxicities and DNA cross-linking abilities of several alkyl-substituted diaziridinylquinones have been investigated. The cytotoxicities were determined in DT-diaphorase-rich (H460 and HT29) and -deficient (H596 and BE) cell lines. It was shown that the cytotoxicities in these cell lines correlated with the relative rates of reduction by the purified human enzyme and with the cross-linking efficiencies.

  已经研究了几种烷基取代的二叠氮基奎宁醌的细胞毒性和DNA交联能力。在富含DT-黄递酶的细胞（H460和HT29）和细胞缺陷（H596和BE）的细胞系中测定细胞毒性。结果表明，这些细胞系中的细胞毒性与纯化的人酶的相对还原速率以及交联效率相关。通过循环伏安法测定，DT-心肌黄递酶的还原速率比还原电位更依赖于化合物的结构。还使用计算机模型来解释高效率的交联和还原的甲基取代的二叠氮基奎宁酮的GNC序列选择性。
• Steric Effects on the Cyclability of Benzoquinone-type Organic Cathode Active Materials for Rechargeable Batteries
  作者：Takato Yokoji、Yuki Kameyama、Shun Sakaida、Norihiko Maruyama、Masaharu Satoh、Hiroshi Matsubara

  DOI：10.1246/cl.150836

  日期：2015.12.5

  Benzoquinone derivatives, which undergo reversible two-electron redox reactions, should afford high capacity as positive electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. Although some benzoquinones have been reported as cathode active materials, their low cycle-life performance is a drawback. We prepared benzoquinones bearing alkyl groups with various degrees of bulkiness to investigate the relationship between the steric effects of the substituents on the benzoquinone skeleton and the battery performance. The introduction of bulky substituents, especially a tert-butyl group, on the skeleton significantly improved the cyclability.

  苯醌衍生物可进行可逆的双电子氧化还原反应，作为可充电电池的正极材料应具有高容量。尽管一些苯醌已被报道为正极活性材料，但它们的低循环寿命性能是一个缺点。我们制备了带有不同体积程度的烷基的苯醌，以研究取代基对苯醌骨架的空间效应与电池性能之间的关系。在骨架上引入大体积取代基，特别是叔丁基，显着提高了循环性能。
• The stability of carboquone in aqueous solution. II. Kinetics and mechanisms of degradation of 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone and 2,5-bis-(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-diisopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone in aqueous solution.
  作者：AKIRA KUSAI、SEIJI TANAKA、SEIGO UEDA

  DOI：10.1248/cpb.30.2534

  日期：——

  The kinetics and mechanisms of the degradation of 2, 5-bis (1-aziridinyl)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-benzoquinone (MEB) and 2, 5-bis (1-aziridinyl)-3, 6-diisopropyl-1, 4-benzoquinone (IPEB) were investigated and compared with those of 2, 5-bis (1-aziridinyl)-1, 4-benzoquinone (EB) investigated previously. The degradation of MEB and IPEB follows pseudo first-order kinetics in the same way as that of EB. The pH-rate profiles showed slopes of -1 on the acidic side and +1 on the basic side, as did that of EB. Thus, the degradation of MEB and IPEB is subject to specific acid-base catalysis. The apparent activation energies for MEB degradation at pH 4 and pH 11 were 16 and 24 kcal/mol, and those for IPEB degradation were 17 and 23 kcal/mol, respectively. In basic aqueous solution, MEB and IPEB are degraded to dihydroxybenzoquinones with monohydroxy-mono (1-aziridinyl) benzoquinones as intermediates in the same way as EB. On the other hand, in acidic aqueous solution, (2-hydroxyethylamino) benzoquinones are produced from MEB and IPEB, as in the case of EB, but they are further degraded to hydroxybenzoquinones. This was not practically observed in the case of EB. This phenomenon can be explained as follows : the alkyl groups at the 3 and 6 positions of benzoquinone increase the relative hydrolysis rate of 2-hydroxyethylamino groups derived from the hydrolytic cleavage of aziridine rings at the 2 and 5 positions of benzoquinone, making it comparable to the ring cleavage rate of aziridinyl groups.

  研究了 2，5-双（1-氮丙啶基）-3，6-二甲基-1，4-苯醌（MEB）和 2，5-双（1-氮丙啶基）-3，6-二异丙基-1，4-苯醌（IPEB）的降解动力学和机理，并与之前研究的 2，5-双（1-氮丙啶基）-1，4-苯醌（EB）的降解动力学和机理进行了比较。MEB 和 IPEB 的降解遵循与 EB 相同的伪一阶动力学。与 EB 一样，pH-速率曲线在酸性侧的斜率为-1，在碱性侧的斜率为+1。因此，MEB 和 IPEB 的降解受特定酸碱催化作用的影响。在 pH 值为 4 和 11 时，MEB 降解的表观活化能分别为 16 和 24 kcal/mol，IPEB 降解的表观活化能分别为 17 和 23 kcal/mol。在碱性水溶液中，MEB 和 IPEB 降解为二羟基苯醌，中间产物为单羟基-单（1-氮丙啶基）苯醌，降解方式与 EB 相同。另一方面，在酸性水溶液中，与 EB 的情况一样，MEB 和 IPEB 会生成（2-羟乙氨基）苯醌，但它们会进一步降解为羟基苯醌。而在 EB 的情况下，实际上并没有观察到这种现象。这种现象可以解释如下：苯醌 3 和 6 位上的烷基提高了苯醌 2 和 5 位上的氮丙啶环水解裂解产生的 2-羟乙氨基的相对水解速度，使其与氮丙啶基的裂环速度相当。

表征谱图