毒理性
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结：有限的信息表明，母亲每日服用最高4毫克的比垃米松（三己苯咪唑）与氟哌啶醇联合使用，并未对哺乳婴儿产生任何不良反应。长期使用比垃米松可能会减少乳汁产量或乳汁排放，但单次剂量不太可能干扰母乳喂养。在长期使用期间，注意观察乳汁减少的迹象（例如，不饱、体重增长不良）。
◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响：一名患有精神分裂症的妇女在3次怀孕和产后期服用了比垃米松和氟哌啶醇。在所有3次怀孕中，比垃米松的剂量为每日4毫克。她以相同的剂量为所有3个孩子哺乳了6到8个月（哺乳程度未说明）。在评估时，所有孩子在16个月到8岁时的发育都是适龄的。
◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响：抗胆碱药可以在动物中抑制泌乳，这显然是通过抑制生长激素和催产素的分泌。抗胆碱药还可以减少非哺乳女性的血清催乳素。在已建立泌乳的母亲中，催乳素水平可能不会影响她的哺乳能力。
一名患有精神分裂症的妇女在3次怀孕和产后期服用了比垃米松和氟哌啶醇。她能够为所有3个孩子哺乳6到8个月（哺乳程度未说明）。氟哌啶醇的升高催乳素作用可能抵消了比垃米松的降低催乳素作用。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Limited information indicates that maternal doses of trihexyphenidyl up to 4 mg daily together with haloperidol did not produce any adverse effects in breastfed infants. Long-term use of trihexyphenidyl might reduce milk production or milk letdown, but a single dose is not likely to interfere with breastfeeding. During long-term use, observe for signs of decreased lactation (e.g., insatiety, poor weight gain).
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:One woman with schizophrenia took trihexyphenidyl and haloperidol during 3 pregnancies and postpartum. The trihexyphenidyl dose was 4 mg daily in all 3 pregnancies. She breastfed (extent not stated) all 3 children for 6 to 8 months using the same doses. Development was age-appropriate in all children aged 16 months at 8 years of age at the time of assessment.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Anticholinergics can inhibit lactation in animals, apparently by inhibiting growth hormone and oxytocin secretion. Anticholinergic drugs can also reduce serum prolactin in nonnursing women. The prolactin level in a mother with established lactation may not affect her ability to breastfeed.
One woman with schizophrenia took trihexyphenidyl and haloperidol during 3 pregnancies and postpartum. She was able to breastfeed (extent not stated) all 3 children for 6 to 8 months. The prolactin elevating effect of haloperidol might have counteracted any prolactin lowering effect of trihexyphenidyl.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
