methyl 2,4,4,4-tetrabromo-2-methylbutanoate | 118373-88-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: methyl 2,4,4,4-tetrabromo-2-methylbutanoate
• 英文别名: Methyl 2,4,4,4-tetrabromo-2-methylbutanoate
• CAS: 118373-88-9
• 化学式: C₆H₈Br₄O₂
• 分子量: 431.744
• InChiKey: RPQONZALAZLKIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  328.8±42.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  2.347±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.8
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.83
• 拓扑面积：
  26.3
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  四溴化碳 、 甲基丙烯酸甲酯 在 2,2'-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) 、 [Cu(tpma)Br][Br] 作用下， 以 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以71%的产率得到methyl 2,4,4,4-tetrabromo-2-methylbutanoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  在自由基引发剂（V-70）作为还原剂的情况下高效的室温铜催化原子转移自由基加成（ATRA）

  摘要：

  铜可以做到！据报道，在自由基引发剂2,2'-偶氮双（4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈）（V-70）存在下，多卤代化合物对烯烃的高效室温铜催化ATRA。V-70已被证明是一种非常有效的还原剂，只需使用0.002 mol％的摩尔比，就可以与α-烯烃和高活性单体（如丙烯酸甲酯，甲基丙烯酸甲酯和乙酸乙烯酯）选择性地形成ATRA产物。铜（见图）。

  DOI：

  10.1002/chem.200802048

文献信息

• An Efficient, Selective, and Reducing Agent-Free Copper Catalyst for the Atom-Transfer Radical Addition of Halo Compounds to Activated Olefins
  作者：José María Muñoz-Molina、Tomás R. Belderraín、Pedro J. Pérez

  DOI：10.1021/ic901942p

  日期：2010.1.18

  Efficient and selective ATRA reactions of CCl4, CBr4, TsCl (Ts = tosyl), or Cl3CCO2Et with activated olefins (styrene, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate) using the TptBuCu(NCMe) complex as a catalyst have been achieved in the absence of any reductant and with low catalyst loadings.

  使用Tp tBu Cu（）将CCl 4，CBr 4，TsCl（Ts =甲苯磺酰基）或Cl 3 CCO 2 Et与活化烯烃（苯乙烯，甲基丙烯酸甲酯，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯，甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯）进行高效且选择性的ATRA反应在没有任何还原剂且催化剂负载量低的情况下，已经获得了NCMe）配合物作为催化剂。
• Photoinitiated ambient temperature copper-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions in the presence of free-radical diazo initiator (AIBN)
  作者：Marielle Nicole C. Balili、Tomislav Pintauer

  DOI：10.1039/c0dt01764g

  日期：——

  monoadduct was obtained in lower yields in the ATRA of less active halogenated compounds, which was mostly due to incomplete alkene conversions. Ambient temperature ATRA of CCl4 to various 1,6-dienes followed by sequential ATRC was also performed in the presence of UV light using [CuII(TPMA)Cl][Cl] complex and AIBN. High yields of the 5-exo-trig cyclic product were obtained for all dienes with preferential

  据报道，在AIBN存在下，紫外线在铜催化的原子转移自由基加成（ATRA）和各种（多）卤代化合物与高活性烯烃的环化（ATRC）反应中的使用。由AIBN的光分解产生的自由基可在环境温度下有效地再生铜（I）配合物，从而实现ATRA的ATRA四氯化碳4催化剂负载量低至0.05 mol％的CBr 4和CBr 4。活性较低的卤代化合物在ATRA中以较低的收率获得了所需的单加合物，这主要是由于烯烃转化不完全所致。的环境温度ATRA四氯化碳4使用[Cu II（TPMA）Cl] [Cl]配合物和AIBN ，在紫外光存在下，先后制得各种1,6-二烯，然后依次进行ATRC 。对于所有二烯，以顺式异构体的优先形成，获得了高产率的5- exo - trig环状产物。
• Copper-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and cyclization (ATRC) reactions in the presence of environmentally benign ascorbic acid as a reducing agent
  作者：Matthew J. W. Taylor、William T. Eckenhoff、Tomislav Pintauer

  DOI：10.1039/c0dt01157f

  日期：——

  In recent years, copper-catalyzed atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) has emerged as a viable organic procedure for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds starting from alkyl halides and alkenes. Studies have primarily focused on the use of free-radical initiators to regenerate the copper(I) complex or activator in situ. Although these initiators led to a significant decrease in the amount of metal

  最近几年， 铜催化的原子转移自由基加成（ATRA）已成为一种可行的有机方法，用于形成 碳–碳从卤代烷和烯烃开始的键。研究主要集中于使用自由基引发剂来再生自由基。铜（I）原位复合物或活化剂。尽管这些引发剂大大减少了金属催化剂的用量，但对于容易进行自由基聚合的高活性烯烃而言，它们的效力要差得多。在这项研究中，非自由基还原剂抗坏血酸（通常称为维生素C）被有效地利用，导致多卤代化合物与α-烯烃的均相ATRA中的TONs高达15200，并能够选择性地形成高活性烯烃，例如 丙烯腈（吨数高达11 800）。相对于底物而言，低至7-20 mol％的抗坏血酸就足以检测所有ATRA和ATRC反应。此外，所有选定合成的产物分离都非常容易且接近定量，仅需简单的液-液萃取技术即可。还通过1 H NMR和UV / Vis光谱动力学检查了抗坏血酸存在下的反应。观察到半数速率对还原剂浓度的依赖性，但是随着抗坏血酸浓度的增
• Copper(<scp>ii</scp>) complexes of quinoline-based ligands for efficient photoredox catalysis of atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction
  作者：Pawittra Chaibuth、Nontakarn Chuaytanee、Jutawat Hojitsiriyanont、Kittipong Chainok、Sumrit Wacharasindhu、Oliver Reiser、Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt

  DOI：10.1039/d2nj01218a

  日期：——

  using the complexes generated in situ from a mixture of common copper(II) halides and the ligand. The photoelectrochemical properties of the copper(II)-quinoline complexes suggest their effective reduction by light-induced homolysis to form the corresponding active copper(I) species without the necessity of an external reducing agent. Excellent yields of regio- and stereoselective addition products (>20

  合成了喹啉基配体的铜( II )配合物，并研究了它们在卤代烃与烯烃的原子转移自由基加成(ATRA)反应中的催化性能。在室温下的白光照射下，配合物有效地催化加成反应并抑制烯烃的自由基聚合。通过使用由普通卤化铜( II )和配体的混合物原位产生的配合物，可以方便地进行反应。铜( II )-喹啉配合物的光电化学性质表明它们通过光致均裂有效还原形成相应的活性铜( I) 不需要外部还原剂的物种。通过使用 1 mol% 或更少的催化剂，可以获得优异的区域和立体选择性加成产物（>20 个实例）。评估了常用添加剂 AIBN 和 Na 2 CO 3的作用，表明这些添加剂通过防止反应过程中 HX 的积累来减轻催化剂中毒。
• Atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) catalyzed by copper complexes with N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) ligand
  作者：Aman Kaur、Erin E. Gorse、Thomas G. Ribelli、Callista C. Jerman、Tomislav Pintauer

  DOI：10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.021

  日期：2015.8

  Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical studies and ATRA activity of copper complexes with N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) ligand in the presence of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent were reported. [Cu-II(TPEN')Br][Br] (TPEN' denotes tetracoordinated ligand) catalyst showed a very low activity in ATRA of CBr4 to 1-octene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate and styrene in methanol, which is a typical solvent used for ATRA reactions employing ascorbic acid. On the contrary, the yields and stereoselectivity towards monoadduct formation were dramatically increased in slightly polar but aprotic acetone. Based on molecular structures of isolated [Cu-II(TPEN)][BPh4] and [Cu-II(TPEN')Br][Br] complexes, as well as UV-Vis and cyclic voltammetry studies, an equilibrium was proposed involving inactive [Cu-II(TPEN)](2+) and ATRP active [Cu-II(TPEN')Br](+) cations The halidophilicity of the bromide-based deactivating complex ([Cu-II(TPEN')Br][Br]) decreased approximately 750 times upon changing the solvent from acetone (K-Br = 3000 +/- 230) to methanol (K-Br = 4.1 +/- 0.1), explaining poor catalytic activity in methanol. In acetone, [Cu-II(TPEN')Br][Br] complex was nearly as active in ATRA reactions employing ascorbic acid as previously reported [Cu-II(TPMA)Br][Br]. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.