已经开发出了第一个由BrCF 2 CO 2 Et催化的Pd催化的C–H乙氧基羰基二氟甲基化反应。双齿膦配体(Xantphos)的使用对于反应的发生至关重要。各种电子富集的杂芳烃,包括吲哚,呋喃,噻吩和吡咯,都可以以中等至极好的收率被乙氧基羰基二氟甲基化。反应发生在杂原子附近的CH键上,具有很高的区域选择性。该方法为将二氟烷基引入富电子杂芳烃提供了新的协议。
Copper-Catalyzed C–H Difluoroalkylations and Perfluoroalkylations of Alkenes and (Hetero)arenes
作者:Xiaoyang Wang、Shuang Zhao、Jing Liu、Dingsheng Zhu、Minjie Guo、Xiangyang Tang、Guangwei Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01712
日期:2017.8.18
A general and facile syntheticmethod for C(sp2)–H difluoroalkylations and perfluoroalkylations of alkenes and (hetero)arenes with commercially available fluoroalkyl halides has been developed with a copper-amine catalyst system. This method is characterized by high yields, mild reaction conditions, low-cost catalyst, broad substrate scope, and excellent functional group compatibility, therefore providing
Direct Introduction of Ethoxycarbonyldifluoromethyl-Group to Heteroarenes with Ethyl Bromodifluoroacetate via Visible-Light Photocatalysis
作者:Qingyu Lin、Lingling Chu、Feng-Ling Qing
DOI:10.1002/cjoc.201300411
日期:2013.7
A mild and versatile approach for the directintroduction of ethoxycarbonyldifluoromethyl‐group to heteroarenesvia visible‐light photocatalysis has been developed. The new photoredox protocol has enabled the difluoromethylenation of heteroarenes containing a wide range of common functional groups under mild conditions.
Visible Light-Promoted Phosphine-Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation of Arenes and Heterocycles
作者:Heng Lu、Dong-yu Wang、Ao Zhang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.9b02882
日期:2020.1.17
A visible light-promoted difluoroalkylation reaction of arenes or heterocycles, using triaryl phosphine as the catalyst and difluoroalkyl iodide as the alkylating agent, is presented. The strategy is highlighted by photocatalyst-free, mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope. Mechanistic experiments indicate that this reaction involves a radical-chain process that is initiated by an electron
Direct Fluoroalkylation of Indoles with Fluoroalkyl Halides Mediated by Copper
作者:Ru-Yi He、Hui-Ting Zeng、Jing-Mei Huang
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201402526
日期:2014.7
An efficient and mild copper-mediated reaction for the direct perfluoroalkylation and difluoromethylation of indoles with perfluoroalkyl halides and ICF2COOEt to produce 2-substituted indoles was developed. Both free indole derivatives and N-substituted indole derivatives could be used in this process to obtain the desired products in moderate to good yields.
Herein, we report the denovosynthesis and characterization of a series of substituted bithiophene derivatives as novel and inexpensive organic photocatalysts.