Synthesis and Occurrence of Oxoaldehydes in Used Frying Oils
摘要:
As part of our efforts to identify volatile decomposition products in used frying oils, a series of 4- and 5-oxoaldehydes were synthesized, purified, and characterized by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Oxoaldehydes have been proposed as possible precursors of alkylfurans, which have potential anticancer effects. In a model reaction 4-oxononanal was refluxed in hexane for 40 days and only trace amounts of 2-pentylfuran were produced, suggesting that it is not a major precursor of the furan. The volatile constituents of used frying oils obtained from commercial food processors were studied, and 4-oxohexanal, 4-oxooctanal, 4-oxononanal, and 4-oxodecanal were identified.
[EN] SYNTHESIS OF HIGH CALORIC FUELS AND CHEMICALS<br/>[FR] SYNTHÈSE DE COMBUSTIBLES ET DE PRODUITS CHIMIQUES À FORT POUVOIR CALORIFIQUE
申请人:PIONEER ENERGY
公开号:WO2013070966A1
公开(公告)日:2013-05-16
In one embodiment, the present application discloses methods to selectively synthesize higher alcohols and hydrocarbons useful as fuels and industrial chemicals from syngas and biomass. Ketene and ketonization chemistry along with hydrogenation reactions are used to synthesize fuels and chemicals. In another embodiment, ketene used to form fuels and chemicals may be manufactured from acetic acid which in turn can be synthesized from synthesis gas which is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, etc.
4-butanediols with Acetobacter aceti MIM 2000/28 gave the corresponding γ-lactones in good yields. The biotransformation occurred with intermediate formation of γ-lactols, which are also substrates for oxidation with Acetobacter aceti MIM 2000/28, as validated by selective biotransformation of 6β,7β;15β,16β-dimethylene-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-en-21,17-carbolactol to drospirenone. Graphical Abstract
The present invention provides a production method of a multifunctional acrylate with a reduced tin content which includes adding an acid to a mixture containing an organotin compound and a multifunctional acrylate and distilling the mixture containing the acid.
The preparation of trialkylvinylborates and their reactions with oxiranes and with iodine. A facile synthesis of 1,4-alkanediols and 1-alkenes
作者:K. Utimoto、K. Uchida、M. Yamaya、H. Nozaki
DOI:10.1016/0040-4020(77)80381-5
日期:1977.1
Reaction of trialkylboranes with vinyllithium gives non-isolable lithium trialkylvinylborates which react with oxirane and methyloxirane affording 1,4- and 2,5-alkanediols, respectively. Treatment of trialkylboranes with vinylmagnesium bromide produces bromomagnesium trialkylvinylborates which analogously afford alkanediols. Successive treatment of the borates with aqueous alkali and iodine provides