代谢
利福平和苯巴比妥对异烟肼和肼在大鼠体内的代谢命运的影响进行了研究。雄性Wistar大鼠在空腹后,以30 mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射利福平6天,或者以50 mg/kg的剂量注射苯巴比妥3天作为预处理。预处理后,大鼠以40 mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射异烟肼。收集24小时尿液样本,并通过气相色谱/质谱法测定尿液中肼和乙酰肼的浓度。大鼠被处死,立即在原位灌洗肝脏并匀浆,确定肝脏中代谢物的分布。另外,在大鼠颈静脉注射5 mg/kg肼后0.5、1、2、3和4小时分别取样血液,并测定血浆中肼的浓度。在注射异烟肼后1小时内,在大鼠肝脏和血浆中检测到肼和乙酰肼。利福平或苯巴比妥预处理组的肼浓度显著低于对照组;乙酰肼的浓度没有改变。利福平或苯巴比妥预处理导致尿液中肼的排泄显著增加。...
The effects of rifampicin ... and phenobarbital ... on the metabolic fate of isoniazid ... and hydrazine ... were studied in rats. Male Wistar rats were fasted and injected with rifampicin at 30 mg/kg ip for 6 days, or with phenobarbital at 50 mg/kg for 3 days as pretreatment. After pretreatment, the rats were injected with isoniazid at 40 mg/kg ip. Twenty four hour urine samples were collected, and urinary concentrations of hydrazine and acetylhydrazine ... were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The rats were /sacrificed/, livers were immediately perfused in situ and homogenized, and hepatic distribution of metabolites was determined. Separately, blood was sampled and plasma hydrazine concn were determined at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hr after a jugular injection of 5 mg/kg hydrazine. Within 1 hr after injection of isoniazid, hydrazine and acetylhydrazine were detected in the liver and plasma. The concn of hydrazine in rifampicin or phenobarbital pretreated groups were significantly lower than those in the control group; the concn of acetylhydrazine were not altered. Pretreatment with rifampicin or phenobarbital resulted in a marked incr in the urinary elimination of hydrazine. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)