Discovery of Piragliatin—First Glucokinase Activator Studied in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
摘要:
Glucokinase (GK) activation as a potential strategy to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well recognized. Compound 1, a glucokinase activator (GKA) lead that we have previously disclosed, caused reversible hepatic lipidosis in repeat-dose toxicology studies. We hypothesized that the hepatic lipidosis was due to the structure-based toxicity and later established that it was due to the formation of a thiourea metabolite, 2. Subsequent SAR studies of 1 led to the identification of a pyrazine-based lead analogue 3, lacking the thiazole moiety. In vivo metabolite identification studies, followed by the independent synthesis and profiling of the cyclopentyl keto- and hydroxyl- metabolites of 3, led to the selection of piragliatin, 4, as the clinical lead. Piragliatin was found to lower pre- and postprandial glucose levels, improve the insulin secretory profile, increase beta-cell sensitivity to glucose, and decrease hepatic glucose output in patients with T2D.
[EN] SUBSTITUTED PHENYLACETAMIDES AND THEIR USE AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS<br/>[FR] ACTIVATEURS DE GLUCOKINASE OXYGENES CYCLOALKYLE OU SUBSTITUES CYCLOALKYLE
申请人:HOFFMANN LA ROCHE
公开号:WO2003095438A1
公开(公告)日:2003-11-20
Compounds of the formula (I); wherein formula (II) represents a substituted group, an oxa-cycloalkyl group or a thia-cycloalkyl group, are glucokinase activators useful in the treatment of type II diabetes.
SUBSTITUTED PHENYLACETAMIDES AND THEIR USE AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS
申请人:F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG
公开号:EP1501815A1
公开(公告)日:2005-02-02
US7105671B2
申请人:——
公开号:US7105671B2
公开(公告)日:2006-09-12
US7259166B2
申请人:——
公开号:US7259166B2
公开(公告)日:2007-08-21
Substituted-cycloalkyl and oxygenated-cycloalkyl glucokinase activators
申请人:——
公开号:US20030225283A1
公开(公告)日:2003-12-04
2,3-Di-substituted N-heteroaromatic propionamides with said substitution at the 2-position being a substituted phenyl group and at the 3-position being a polar ring, said propionamides being glucokinase activators which increase insulin secretion in the treatment of type II diabetes.