Synthetic and biosynthetic studies of porphyrins. Part 8. Syntheses of hepta-, hexa-, and penta-carboxylic porphyrins related to uroporphyrin-I
作者:Anthony H. Jackson、Damrus Supphayen
DOI:10.1039/p19870000277
日期:——
The title porphyrins, of interest as abnormal metabolites in porphyrin biosynthesis, have been synthesized by the Fischer, and b-oxobilane routes, and compared with the naturally derived materials. Enzymic experiments have shown that the conversion of uroporphyrinogen-I into coproporphyrinogen-I both in vivo and in vitro is non-specific and occurs by both possible pathways via the two intermediate
Nitroalkenes, or their β-acetoxynitro precursors, react with α-isocyanoacetate esters in the presence of base to give high yields of 5-unsubstituted pyrroles; some important pyrroles are easily synthesised by this method.
Synthesis of dinaphthoporphyrins from dihydronaphtho[1,2-c]pyrroles
作者:Timothy D. Lash、Tracy J. Roper
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(94)80100-2
日期:1994.10
Porphyrins with two fused dihydronaphtho units on the opposite or adjacent pyrrole rings have been prepared by the MacDonald condensation or by the cyclization of suitably substituted a,c,-biladienes; dehydrogenation with 2 equivalents of DDQ afforded the corresponding dinaphthoporphyrins in excellent yields.
borylation and cross-coupling chemistries, translated into the concise assembly of the structurally diverse bilirubin oxidationproducts (BOXes, propentdyopents, and biopyrrins). The discovery of a new photoisomer of biopyrrin A named lumipyrrin is reported. Synthetic bilirubin oxidationproducts made available in sufficient purity and quantity will support future in vitro and in vivo investigations.
胆红素是血红素分解代谢的主要产物。高浓度的色素具有神经毒性,但稍微升高浓度则有益。作为一种有效的抗氧化剂,胆红素在体内发生氧化转化并产生各种氧化片段。它们的形成机制、内在的生物活性以及在人类病理生理学中的潜在作用尚不清楚。降解方法已用于获取胆红素氧化产物的样品以供研究。在这里,我们报告了一种补充的、全合成的制备方法。我们的策略利用母体四环颜料中的重复取代模式。设计并有效合成了功能化的可偶联γ-内酯、γ-内酰胺和吡咯单环结构单元。随后的模块化组合,在金属催化的硼化和交叉偶联化学的支持下,转化为结构多样的胆红素氧化产物(BOX、propentdyopents和biopyrrins)的简洁组装。据报道,发现了一种新的生物比林 A 光异构体,名为 lumipyrrin。足够纯度和数量的合成胆红素氧化产物将支持未来的体外和体内研究。
Clezy, Peter S.; Fookes, Christopher J. R., Australian Journal of Chemistry, 1980, vol. 33, # 3, p. 557 - 573