All carbocyclic analogs of the pentofuranoses were synthesized starting from norborn-5-en-2-one (1). By using either base- or acid-catalyzed Baeyer-Villiger reaction of 1, the central intermediates 2 and 3 were obtained. The required functionalization of the olefinic double bond was achieved either by cis-hydroxylation in the case of the ribo, lyre, and alpha-xylo derivatives or by epoxidation and subsequent opening with aqueous perchloric acid. In the latter case, a pronounced selectivity for opening the epoxy alcohol in the 3-position was found. If an epoxy acetate with both functions on the same side of the ring was used, the epoxide was opened in the 2-position by neighboring group participation of the acetate. The requisite side chain degradation was accomplished either by conversion of the ester into an olefin and subsequent dihydroxylation/cleavage reaction or by Curtius rearrangement to the amine and its conversion into an acetate.
Metal Coordination-Based Inhibitors of Adenylyl Cyclase: Novel Potent P-Site Antagonists
作者:Daniel E. Levy、Ming Bao、Diana B. Cherbavaz、James E. Tomlinson、David M. Sedlock、Charles J. Homcy、Robert M. Scarborough
DOI:10.1021/jm0205604
日期:2003.5.1
The adenylyl cyclases (ACS) are a family of intracellular enzymes associated with signal transduction by virtue of their ability to convert ATP to cAMP. The catalytic mechanism of this transformation proceeds through initial binding of ATP to the so-called purine binding site (P-site) of the enzyme followed by metal-mediated cyclization with loss of pyrophosphate. Crystallographic analysis of ACs with known inhibitors reveals the presence of two metals in the active site. Presently, nine isoforms of adenylyl cyclase are known, and unique isoform combinations are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. The development of isoform-specific inhibitors of adenylyl cyclase may prove to be a useful strategy toward the design of unique signal transduction inhibitors. To develop novel AC inhibitors, we have chosen an approach to inhibitor design utilizing an adenine ring system joined to a metal-coordinating hydroxamic acid via various linkers. Previous work in our group has validated this approach and identified novel inhibitors that possess an adenine ring joined to a metal-coordinating hydroxamic acid through flexible acyclic linkers (Levy, D. E., et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2002, 12, 30853088). Subsequent studies have focused on the introduction of conformational restrictions into the tether of the inhibitors with the goal of increasing potency (Levy, D. E., et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2002, 12, 3089-3092). Building upon the favorable spatial positioning of the adenine and hydroxamate groups coupled with potentially favorable entropic factors, the unit joining the carbocycle to the hydroxamate was explored further and a stereochemical-based SAR was elucidated, leading to a new series of highly potent AC inhibitors.
CHENG, PETER T. W.;MCLEAN, STEWART, CAN. J. CHEM., 67,(1989) N, C. 261-267
作者:CHENG, PETER T. W.、MCLEAN, STEWART
DOI:——
日期:——
Regulation of type 5 adenylyl cyclase for treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases
申请人:Vatner F. Stephen
公开号:US20060252774A1
公开(公告)日:2006-11-09
The invention concerns pharmaceutical compositions that contain a compound or compounds that can effectively regulate the activity of Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase and methods for treatment of neurological diseases and disorders, as well as motor function loss therefrom, as well as treatment for cardiac conditions and diseases including conditions characterized by abnormal heart rate.
Methyl-jasmonat: Ein kurzer Weg zum Naturstoff und seinem unnatürlichen Enantiomer<i>via</i>Palladium(0)-induzierte, enantiodivergente Alkylierung von Cyclopent-2-en-1,3-diol-Derivaten
Methyl Jasmonate: A Short Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Methyl Jasmonate and its Unnatural Enantiomer via Enantiodivergent Alkylation of Cyclopent-2-ene-1,3-diol Derivatives by Palladium(0)-Induced Reactions