Direct formation of highly functionalized allylic organocopper reagents from allylic chlorides and acetates
作者:Douglas E. Stack、Bryan T. Dawson、Reuben D. Rieke
DOI:10.1021/ja00039a023
日期:1992.6
The direct formation of highly functionalized allylic organocopper reagents has been carried out using a highly active form of zerovalent copper (Cu*). The cold-temperature reduction of CuCN.nLiX complexes by lithium naphthalenide in THF under an argon atmosphere produces the Cu* complex, which reacts rapidly with primary and secondary allyl chlorides at −100°C with little homocoupling. Allyl, methallyl
Preparation of higher order cyano and “non-ate” allyl copper reagents from the reaction of allyl chlorides with a formal copper anion
作者:Douglas E. Stack、Walter R. Klein、Reuben D. Rieke
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)93380-x
日期:1993.5
through the low temperature reaction of allyl chlorides with a formal copper anion. The copper anion is generated via the low temperature reduction of Cu(I) complexes by two equivalents of lithium naphthalenide and then oxidatively adds to allyl chlorides with minimal homocoupling. These allyl organocopper reagents undergo substitution reactions with alkyl chlorides and epoxides as well as 1,4-conjugate
Highly reactive form of copper and reagents thereof
申请人:University of Nebraska
公开号:US05490952A1
公开(公告)日:1996-02-13
A novel zerovalent copper species and an organocopper reagent are disclosed. The zerovalent copper species is directly produced by reaction of a reducing agent with a combination of copper cyanide or halide and an alkali metal halide salt. The organocopper reagent resulting from the reaction of the zerovalent copper species and an organic compound having one or more stable anionic leaving groups is a stable reagent that will not significantly homocouple and under controlled conditions tolerates the presence of nitrile, epoxide, imine, enone, ketone, ester, allyl and benzyl groups within the organo radical. The reagent can be controlled so that it will selectively add to an organic electrophile such as an acid halide or aldehyde while other less reactive electrophilic groups are present. The reagent will also add under controlled conditions to epoxide, enone, imine and ketone groups.
Oxidative cyclization of 4-penten-1-ols using a Pd catalyst and n-BuONO or n-BuONO/p-benzoquinone afforded 3-hydroxy- and 3-methoxytetrahydropyrans via terminal selective nucleophilic attack. The radicals formed from n-BuONO and O2 operate as critical oxidants and ligands for Pd.