Discovery of Novel <i>N</i>-Phenylphenoxyacetamide Derivatives as EthR Inhibitors and Ethionamide Boosters by Combining High-Throughput Screening and Synthesis
In this paper, we describe the screening of a 14640-compound library using a novel whole mycobacteria phenotypic assay to discover inhibitors of EthR, a transcriptional repressor implicated in the innate resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the second-line antituberculosis drug ethionamide. From this screening a new chemical family of EthR inhibitors bearing an N-phenylphenoxyacetamide motif was identified. The X-ray structure of the most potent compound crystallized with EthR inspired the synthesis of a 960-member focused library. These compounds were tested in vitro using a rapid thermal shift assay on EthR to accelerate the optimization. The best compounds were synthesized on a larger scale and confirmed as potent ethionamide boosters on M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Finally, the cocrystallization of the best optimized analogue with EthR revealed an unexpected reorientation of the ligand in the binding pocket.
Stereoconvergent Amine-Directed Alkyl–Alkyl Suzuki Reactions of Unactivated Secondary Alkyl Chlorides
作者:Zhe Lu、Ashraf Wilsily、Gregory C. Fu
DOI:10.1021/ja203560q
日期:2011.6.1
A new family of stereoconvergent cross-couplings of unactivatedsecondaryalkyl electrophiles has been developed, specifically, arylamine-directed alkyl-alkylSuzuki reactions. This represents the first such investigation to be focused on the use of alkylchlorides as substrates. Structure-enantioselectivity studies are consistent with the nitrogen, not the aromatic ring, serving as the primary site