Synthesis of Thiophene and NO-Curcuminoids for Antiinflammatory and Anti-Cancer Activities
作者:Mahera Ahmed、M. Khan、Kim Rainsford
DOI:10.3390/molecules18021483
日期:——
In search of better NSAIDs four novel nitric oxide donating derivatives of curcumin (compounds 9a–d), and four thiophene curcuminoids (compounds 10a–c, 11) have been synthesised. The cytotoxic effects of these compounds along with the lead compound curcumin (7) and their effect on the production of the reactive oxygen species nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and chemokine CXCL-8 were evaluated using human monocytic THP-1 and colon adenocarcinoma CACO-2 cell lines. All of the nitric oxide donating curcuminoids 9a–d and the thiophene curcuminoids 10a–c and 11 were non-cytotoxic to THP-1 cells over a concentration range of 10-100 μM and compared with curcumin compounds 10b and 10c, were more toxic. In CACO-2 cells, 10b and 11 appeared to be non-toxic at 10 to 50 μM, whereas 10a and 10c were non-cytotoxic at 10 μM only. These results clearly indicate that the introduction of a nitroxybutyl moiety to curcumin and replacement of phenyl rings with thiophene units reduces the cytotoxic effect of the parent curcumin, whereas a methyl substituted thiophene increases the cytotoxic effects. In THP-1 cells, drugs 10a and 11 significantly decreased IL-1-β production at their non-cytotoxic concentrations, whereas, they did not decrease TNF-α production in CACO-2 cells. Compound 11 showed a significant decrease in CXCL-8 production.
为了寻找更好的非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs),合成了四种新型的捐赠一氧化氮的姜黄素衍生物(化合物9a-d)和四种噻吩姜黄素(化合物10a-c, 11)。使用人单核细胞THP-1和结肠腺癌CACO-2细胞系评估了这些化合物与领先化合物姜黄素(7)的细胞毒性效应,以及它们对活性氧物种一氧化氮和促炎细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α和趋化因子CXCL-8产生的影响。所有的捐赠一氧化氮的姜黄素衍生物9a-d和噻吩姜黄素10a-c及11在10-100 μM浓度范围内对THP-1细胞均无细胞毒性,而与姜黄素化合物10b和10c相比,则具有更高的毒性。在CACO-2细胞中,10b和11在10至50 μM时似乎无毒,而10a和10c仅在10 μM时无细胞毒性。这些结果清晰表明,将一氧化氮基团引入姜黄素并用噻吩单元替换苯环可以降低母体姜黄素的细胞毒性,而甲基取代的噻吩则提高了细胞毒性。在THP-1细胞中,药物10a和11在其无细胞毒性浓度下显著降低了IL-1β的产生,而在CACO-2细胞中,则未降低TNF-α的产生。化合物11显示出CXCL-8产生的显著减少。