已经开发出了第一个由BrCF 2 CO 2 Et催化的Pd催化的C–H乙氧基羰基二氟甲基化反应。双齿膦配体(Xantphos)的使用对于反应的发生至关重要。各种电子富集的杂芳烃,包括吲哚,呋喃,噻吩和吡咯,都可以以中等至极好的收率被乙氧基羰基二氟甲基化。反应发生在杂原子附近的CH键上,具有很高的区域选择性。该方法为将二氟烷基引入富电子杂芳烃提供了新的协议。
Visible Light-Promoted Phosphine-Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation of Arenes and Heterocycles
作者:Heng Lu、Dong-yu Wang、Ao Zhang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.9b02882
日期:2020.1.17
A visible light-promoted difluoroalkylation reaction of arenes or heterocycles, using triaryl phosphine as the catalyst and difluoroalkyl iodide as the alkylating agent, is presented. The strategy is highlighted by photocatalyst-free, mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope. Mechanistic experiments indicate that this reaction involves a radical-chain process that is initiated by an electron
Direct Fluoroalkylation of Indoles with Fluoroalkyl Halides Mediated by Copper
作者:Ru-Yi He、Hui-Ting Zeng、Jing-Mei Huang
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201402526
日期:2014.7
An efficient and mild copper-mediated reaction for the direct perfluoroalkylation and difluoromethylation of indoles with perfluoroalkyl halides and ICF2COOEt to produce 2-substituted indoles was developed. Both free indole derivatives and N-substituted indole derivatives could be used in this process to obtain the desired products in moderate to good yields.
Visible-Light-Induced C–F Bond Activation for the Difluoroalkylation of Indoles
作者:Scott T. Shreiber、Albert Granados、Bianca Matsuo、Jadab Majhi、Mark W. Campbell、Shivani Patel、Gary A. Molander
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03549
日期:2022.11.25
An aryl disulfide mediated C–Fbondactivation of the trifluoromethyl group to generate valuable gem-difluoroalkylindoles is described. This method relies on readily available commodity reagents under mild reaction conditions and represents the first transition-metal-free redox-neutral C–Fbondactivation strategy. The reaction employs various substituted indoles and α-fluoro-substituted esters. Further
An efficient catalytic strategy toward the synthesis of N-substituted 3-methylindoles from inactive o-dihaloarenes and N-allylamines was developed by using a 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)acenaphthoimidazol-2-ylidene (AnIPr)-ligated oxazoline palladacycle. It enabled a very broad substrate scope tolerating different functional groups, electronic properties, and steric bulkiness and afforded desired