Systems, techniques, and methods for estimating the metabolic state or flux, e.g. the body energy state (BES) of a patient, are disclosed. The BES provides a deep insight into the nutritional needs of the patient, thus allowing for a sort of exquisite glycemic control with regard to the patient. The invention discloses systems and methods for estimating fractional gluconeogenesis. The invention also discloses systems and methods for estimating and targeting patient blood lactate concentration, both as a target itself and as an intermediate step to estimating and targeting patient fractional gluconeogenesis glucose production. Nutritional support methods and formulations are also disclosed. The invention is suitable for any sort of patient, including those who are injured, such as with traumatic brain injury, ill, or have other conditions that stress the metabolic system.
本文公开了用于估算患者新陈代谢状态或通量(例如体能状态(
BES))的系统、技术和方法。
BES 可以深入了解患者的营养需求,从而对患者进行精细的血糖控制。本发明公开了估算部分
葡萄糖生成的系统和方法。本发明还公开了估算和定位患者血液
乳酸浓度的系统和方法,既可作为目标本身,也可作为估算和定位患者部分
葡萄糖生成
葡萄糖生成的中间步骤。本发明还公开了营养支持方法和配方。本发明适用于任何类型的病人,包括那些受伤的病人,如脑外伤病人、病人或患有其他对代谢系统造成压力的疾病的病人。