Nevertheless, facile reaction sequences for the preparation of 6 , 7 , 8a-c , and 9a - c starting with 1,1′-(3-methyl-4-phenylthieno[2,3- b ]thiophene-2,5-diyl)diethanone 1 have been developed. Finally, several bis-heterocycles 10a-f were synthesized through a stepwise formation of hydrazone followed by a Michael 1,4-addition of the nucleophile nitrogen atom and provides a convenient access to an important
Substituted thieno[2,3- b ]thiophenes and related congeners: Synthesis, β-glucuronidase inhibition activity, crystal structure, and POM analyses
作者:Yahia Nasser Mabkhot、Assem Barakat、Sammer Yousuf、M. Iqbal Choudhary、Wolfgang Frey、Taibi Ben Hadda、Mohammad S. Mubarak
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.014
日期:2014.12
A series of 15 novel compounds incorporating the thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety were synthesized. The chemical structures of these compounds were deduced from elemental analyses, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and ESI-mass spectral data. The enzyme inhibition potential of these compounds was evaluated, in vitro, against beta-glucuronidase, xanthine oxidase, and alpha-chymotrypsin enzymes. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by a cell viability assay utilizing the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye. Among the compounds tested, compound 3 was the most potent beta-glucuronidase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.9 +/- 0.0138 mu M; it was much more active than the standard, D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50 = 45.75 +/- 2.16 mu M). Compound 12, on the other hand, was the most potent as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.4 +/- 1.2 mu M. With the characterization of their mechanism of action and with further testing, these compounds could be useful candidates as anticancer drugs. In addition, the newly synthesized compounds were subjected to POM analyses to get insights about their degree of their toxicity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.