The invention relates to gemini surfactants of formula IA wherein A is a core derived from an organic polyhydroxy compound; R
1
and R
2
are each independently a hydrophobic group; and R
3
and R
4
are each independently a surfactant head group. Such surfactants can be used as components of fluids used in the petroleum industry or used in formulating cleansing compositions or detergent compositions.
Synthesis of Surfactants Based on Pentaerythritol. I. Cationic and Zwitterionic Gemini Surfactants
作者:Nusrat Jahan、Nawal Paul、Christian J. Petropolis、D. Gerrard Marangoni、T. Bruce Grindley
DOI:10.1021/jo9018107
日期:2009.10.16
benzylidene acetals gave diols which were converted into three different series of trimethylammonium derivatives. The diiodides derived from the diols could be displaced by dimethylamine, even though they are adjacent to a quaternary carbon atom. Alkylation with methyl iodide gave the first series. The iodides were easily displaced by cyanide ion and the resulting dinitriles were hydrolyzed, converted to N,N-dimethylamides