Combinatorial methods for the optimization of the vapor deposition of polyimide monomers and their polymerization
作者:Christian Neuber、Markus Bäte、Reiner Giesa、Hans-Werner Schmidt
DOI:10.1039/b606091a
日期:——
A combinatorial study on the synthesis and in situ orientation of thin films of aromatic polyimides on different aligning surfaces was carried out. Monomer and polyimide libraries prepared by using a combinatorial approach consisting of step gradients with different thicknesses, sectors with different compositions, and sectors with or without alignment layers were investigated. As aligning surfaces, friction deposited layers of PTFE, rubbed polyimide films, and highly oriented polyimide layers prepared by a shearing technique were used. In addition to 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyldianhydride (BPDA), only para-linked dianhydrides and diamines with different aspect ratios were utilized. Vapor deposition was performed first with individual monomers, then sequentially or by coevaporation of two or more monomers. By using this combinatorial approach, the monomer and polyimide orientation can be optimized by variation of monomer composition, film thickness, and deposition sequence. The resulting films were characterized regarding their thickness and the achieved degree of orientation by polarized FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The highest degree of orientation indicated by a dichroic ratio of nine to ten was observed for 4,4″-diamino-p-terphenyl on PTFE surfaces. For other monomers, dichroic ratios of around two were determined irrespective of the aligning surface, indicating low orientation. It was found that coevaporation of both monomers yields isotropic polyimide films in good quality, whereas sequential evaporation of monomer pairs yields polyimide films with anisotropic properties.
开展了一项关于芳香族聚酰亚胺薄膜在不同对齐表面上合成和原位取向的组合研究。通过采用包含不同厚度的步进梯度、不同组成的扇区以及带或不带对齐层的扇区的组合方法制备的单体和聚酰亚胺库进行了调查。作为对齐表面,使用了摩擦沉积的PTFE层、摩擦处理的聚酰亚胺薄膜以及通过剪切技术制备的高度取向的聚酰亚胺层。除了3,3′,4,4′-联苯二酐(BPDA)外,只使用了具有不同纵横比的对位连接的二酐和二胺。首先通过单体蒸镀,然后顺序或同时蒸镀两种或更多单体来进行蒸镀。通过使用这种组合方法,可以通过变化单体组成、薄膜厚度和沉积顺序来优化单体和聚酰亚胺的取向。所得到的薄膜通过偏振FTIR和UV-Vis光谱在厚度以及达到的取向程度上进行了表征。在PTFE表面上的4,4″-二氨基对四联苯中观察到了通过二色比表示的最高取向度,其值为九到十。对于其他单体,不论对齐表面如何,确定的二色比约为二,表明取向度较低。研究结果发现,同时蒸镀两种单体产生具有良好品质的各向同性聚酰亚胺薄膜,而顺序蒸镀单体对则产生具有各向异性特性的聚酰亚胺薄膜。