Novel Nor-Homo- and Spiro-Oxetan- Steroids Target the Human Androgen Receptor and Act as Antiandrogens
作者:M. Thiele、S. Rabe、W. Hessenkemper、D. Roell、S. Bartsch、F. Kraft、T.E. Abraham、A.B. Houtsmuller、M.E. Royen、A. Giannis、A. Baniahmad
DOI:10.2174/0929867321666140601164240
日期:2015.2.26
The prostate adenocarcinoma is the cancer with the highest incidence for men in Western countries. Targeting
the androgen receptor (AR) by antagonists is used as hormone therapy for prostate cancer (PCa), however, eventually
therapy resistance occurs in most patients. In most of these cancer the AR signaling is active and thus AR remains an important
drug target. Since many years we are characterizing novel chemical structural platforms to provide a broader possibility
for compounds that bind to and act as AR antagonists. Here, we describe the chemical synthesis of a battery of
novel steroidal derivatives as nor-homo-, spiro-oxolan- and spiro-oxetan- steroids. They modulate the transcriptional activity
of the human AR. As AR antagonists, the spiro-oxetan- steroid derivatives seem to be the most potent steroid derivatives.
They inhibit the transcriptional activity of both wild-type AR as well as the AR mutant T877A. In line with this,
these compounds bind to the human AR and inhibit the proliferation of the human androgen-dependent growing PCa cell
line LNCaP. Interestingly, the castration-resistant AR expressing human PC3-AR cells are also growth inhibited. On
mechanistic level, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays with living cells indicate that the androgeninduced
N/C terminal interaction of the AR is inhibited by the investigated compounds. Using fluorescence recovery after
photobleaching (FRAP) assays in living cells suggest a higher mobility of the AR in the cell nuclei in the presence of
spiro-oxetan- steroidal antagonists. Together, these findings suggest that spiro-oxetan- steroids are very useful as a chemical
platform for novel AR antagonists.
前列腺癌是西方国家男性发病率最高的癌症。瞄准
雄激素受体(AR)拮抗剂被用作前列腺癌(PCa)的激素疗法,然而,最终
大多数患者都会出现治疗抵抗。在大多数这些癌症中,AR 信号传导是活跃的,因此 AR 仍然是一个重要的癌症
药物靶点。多年来,我们一直在表征新颖的化学结构平台,以提供更广泛的可能性
用于结合并充当 AR 拮抗剂的化合物。在这里,我们描述了电池的化学合成
新型甾体衍生物,如去甲-同型-、螺-氧杂环戊烷-和螺-氧杂环丁烷-类固醇。它们调节转录活性
人类 AR 的。作为AR拮抗剂,螺氧杂环丁烷类固醇衍生物似乎是最有效的类固醇衍生物。
它们抑制野生型 AR 以及 AR 突变体 T877A 的转录活性。与此相符,
这些化合物与人类 AR 结合并抑制人类雄激素依赖性 PCa 细胞的增殖
LNCaP 线。有趣的是,表达抗去势 AR 的人类 PC3-AR 细胞的生长也受到抑制。在
在机制水平上,活细胞荧光共振能量转移(FRET)测定表明,雄激素诱导的
AR 的 N/C 末端相互作用被所研究的化合物抑制。使用荧光恢复后
活细胞中的光漂白 (FRAP) 测定表明,在存在以下物质的情况下,细胞核中 AR 的迁移率较高
螺氧杂环丁烷-类固醇拮抗剂。总之,这些发现表明螺氧杂环丁烷作为一种化学物质非常有用。
新型 AR 拮抗剂的平台。