3-Oxoalkanenitriles 1a-d were obtained in high yield by treating enaminones 6a-d with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and stirring the resulting oxime with diethyl oxalate. The formed 3-oxoalkanenitriles 1a,b readily undergo self-condensation to yield 2-aroylanilines 3a,b on heating in pyridine for eight hours or by irradiation in microwave for 1.5 minutes. In contrast, 1c-e were recovered unreacted under similar conditions. Pyrolysis of 3-aminocrotononitrile 14 produced a mixture of the aminopyridine 16, 19, and aminobenzene 22. Heating 14 in aqueous media has resulted in formation of the pyridine 20, while heating the same compound in acetic acid has afforded pyridone 20 and acetyl pyridine 24.
3-氧代烷腈1a-d通过将烯胺酮6a-d与
盐酸羟胺反应,并将生成的
肟与
乙二酸二乙酯搅拌而获得,产率很高。形成的3-氧代烷腈1a,b在
吡啶中加热8小时或在微波中照射1.5分钟后,容易发生自缩合反应,生成2-芳酰
氨基苯3a,b。相反,1c-e在类似条件下未反应而被回收。3-
氨基克罗顿腈14的热解产生了
氨基吡啶16、19和
氨基苯22的混合物。在
水相中加热14导致生成
吡啶20,而在
醋酸中加热同一化合物则生成
吡啶酮20和乙酰
吡啶24。