喹啉类化合物
喹啉和异喹啉是苯并吡啶的两个异构体，均存在于煤焦油中。它们及其许多取代衍生物可通过将苯衍生物环化成环而制得。其中，喹啉的合成方法主要是通过加热苯胺、甘油与硫酸及氧化剂（如硝基苯）反应，进而生成丙烯醛并与苯胺发生加成反应。利用各种苯胺衍生物和其他α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，则可以合成具有不同取代基的喹啉化合物，例如4-甲基喹啉(勒皮啶)便是由苯胺和甲基-乙烯基酮制得。
其他喹啉类化合物如2-甲基喹啉（喹哪啶）则通过邻氨基苯甲醛与丙酮缩合而合成。总的来说，喹啉及其同系物属于含氮杂双环芳烃类化合物，俗称重吡啶，并与吡啶一起统称为焦油碱，是高温煤焦油加工的产物。主要成分包括喹啉、异喹啉、甲基喹啉和二甲基喹啉等，集中在煤焦油的萘油馏分和洗油馏分中，含量约为0.3～0.5%。
这些化合物具有特殊的气味，并在暴露于空气或阳光下时逐渐变深。它们广泛应用于医药、染料、感光材料、橡胶、溶剂及化学试剂等领域。喹啉主要用于制造烟酸系、8-羟基喹啉系和奎宁系药物，如烟酸胺、强心剂、兴奋剂和治绦虫病药；8-羟基喹啉则用于制备治疗阿米巴虫病的药品、创伤消毒剂及防霉剂等。此外，伯氨奎宁、氯化奎宁和羟氨奎宁是合成的治疟疾特效药物。
异喹啉主要用于生产杀虫剂、抗疟药、橡胶硫化促进剂及测定稀有金属所需的化学试剂；甲基喹啉则用于制造彩色胶片增感剂和染料，并作为溶剂、浸渍剂和腐蚀抑制剂等。总体而言，这些化合物的应用范围广泛且重要。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-溴-2,8-二(三氟甲基)喹啉 | (2,8-bis-trifluoromethyl)-4-bromoquinoline | 35853-45-3 | C11H4BrF6N |
|
| 4-溴-2,6-二甲基喹啉 | 4-bromo-2,6-dimethylquinoline | 123637-45-6 | C11H10BrN |
|
| 4-溴-1-甲基-1H-喹啉-2-酮 | 4-bromo-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one | 941-72-0 | C10H8BrNO |
|
| 4-溴-1-氯异喹啉 | 4-bromo-1-chloroisoquinoline | 66728-98-1 | C9H5BrClN |
|
| 4-溴 -6,7-二甲氧基喹啉 | 4-bromo-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline | 666734-51-6 | C11H10BrNO2 |
|
| 4-氰基-2-羟基喹啉 | 2-hydroxy-quinoline-4-carbonitrile | 63158-99-6 | C10H6N2O |
|
| 4-氯苯乙胺 | 4-chlorophenylethylamine | 156-41-2 | C8H10ClN |
|
| 4-氯甲基-2-甲基喹啉 | 4-(chloromethyl)-2-methylquinoline | 288399-19-9 | C11H10ClN |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-8-羧酸 | 4-chloroquinoline-8-carboxylic acid | 216257-37-3 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-7-羧酸酰胺 | 7-Carbamoyl-4-chloroquinoline | 178984-42-4 | C10H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-7-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 4-chloroquinoline-7-carboxylate | 178984-69-5 | C11H8ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-7-甲酸 | 4-chloroquinoline-7-carboxylic acid | 49713-58-8 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-6-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 4-chloroquinoline-6-carboxylate | 648449-01-8 | C11H8ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-6-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloroquinoline-6-carboxylate | 148018-34-2 | C12H10ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-6-羧酸 | 4-chloroquinoline-6-carboxylic acid | 386207-77-8 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-6-甲醛 | 4-chloroquinoline-6-carbaldehyde | 676256-25-0 | C10H6ClNO |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-3-羧酸 | 4-Chloroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 179024-66-9 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-3-甲腈 | 4-chlro-3-cyanoquinoline | 69875-49-6 | C10H5ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-3-甲基乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloroquinoline-3-carboxylate | 13720-94-0 | C12H10ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-2-羧酸 | 2-carboxy-4-chloroquinoline | 15733-82-1 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-2-甲醛 | 4-chloroquinoline-2-carbaldehyde | 28615-67-0 | C10H6ClNO |
|
| 4-氯喹啉-2-甲酸乙酯 | 4-chloro-2-ethoxycarbonylquinoline | 18436-69-6 | C12H10ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹啉 | 4-chloroquinoline | 611-35-8 | C9H6ClN |
|
| 4-氯喹唑啉-6-醇 | 4-chloroquinazolin-6-ol | 848438-50-6 | C8H5ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯喹哪啶-7-羧酸 | 4-chloro-2-methylquinoline-7-carboxylic acid | 1150618-20-4 | C11H8ClNO2 |
|
| 4-氯喹哪啶 | 4-chloro-2-methylquinoline | 4295-06-1 | C10H8ClN |
|
| 4-氯-8-羟基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline | 57334-36-8 | C9H6ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-8-羟基-2-甲基喹啉 | 4-chloro-2-methyl-8-quinolinol | 28507-46-2 | C10H8ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-8-碘喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-iodoquinoline | 49713-55-5 | C9H5ClIN |
|
| 4-氯-8-甲氧基喹啉-3-羧酸 | 4-Chloro-8-methoxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 179024-73-8 | C11H8ClNO3 |
|
| 4-氯-8-甲氧基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-methoxyquinoline | 16778-21-5 | C10H8ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-8-甲氧基-2-甲基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-methoxy-2-methylquinoline | 64951-58-2 | C11H10ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-8-甲基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-methylquinoline | 18436-73-2 | C10H8ClN |
|
| 4-氯-8-氰基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-cyanoquinoline | 132664-45-0 | C10H5ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-8-氨基喹啉 | 4-chloroquinolin-8-amine | 81764-16-1 | C9H7ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-8-氟喹啉-3-甲酸乙酯 | 4-chloro-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 56824-90-9 | C12H9ClFNO2 |
|
| 4-氯-8-氟喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-fluoro-quinoline | 63010-72-0 | C9H5ClFN |
|
| 4-氯-8-乙基喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-ethylquinoline | 63136-19-6 | C11H10ClN |
|
| 4-氯-8-乙基-2-甲基喹啉 | 4-Cl-8-Aethyl-chinaldin | 63136-24-3 | C12H12ClN |
|
| 4-氯-8-(三氟甲基)喹啉 | 4-chloro-8-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline | 23779-97-7 | C10H5ClF3N |
|
| 4-氯-7-羟基喹啉 | 4-chloroquinolin-7-ol | 181950-57-2 | C9H6ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-7-碘喹啉 | 4-chloro-7-iodoquinoline | 22200-50-6 | C9H5ClIN |
|
| 4-氯-7-碘-喹啉-3-甲腈 | 4-chloro-7-iodo-3-quinolinecarbonitrile | 364793-64-6 | C10H4ClIN2 |
|
| 4-氯-7-甲氧基喹啉-6-氰 | 4-chloro-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carbonitrile | 398487-31-5 | C11H7ClN2O |
|
| 4-氯-7-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-bromo-4,6-dichloropyrimidin-2-amine | 7781-26-2 | C4H2BrCl2N3 |
|
| 4-氯-7-甲氧基喹啉 | 4-chloro-7-methoxyquinoline | 68500-37-8 | C10H8ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-7-甲氧基-2-苯基喹啉 | 4-chloro-7-methoxy-2-phenylquinoline | 189816-05-5 | C16H12ClNO |
|
| 4-氯-7-甲基喹啉 | 4-chloro-7-methyl-quinoline | 63136-61-8 | C10H8ClN |
|
| 4-氯-7-氰基喹啉 | 4-chloroquinoline-7-carbonitrile | 181950-55-0 | C10H5ClN2 |
|
| 4-氯-7-氨基喹啉 | 4-Chloroquinolin-7-amine | 451447-23-7 | C9H7ClN2 |
|
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