喹啉类化合物
喹啉和异喹啉是苯并吡啶的两个异构体，均存在于煤焦油中。它们及其许多取代衍生物可通过将苯衍生物环化成环而制得。其中，喹啉的合成方法主要是通过加热苯胺、甘油与硫酸及氧化剂（如硝基苯）反应，进而生成丙烯醛并与苯胺发生加成反应。利用各种苯胺衍生物和其他α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，则可以合成具有不同取代基的喹啉化合物，例如4-甲基喹啉(勒皮啶)便是由苯胺和甲基-乙烯基酮制得。
其他喹啉类化合物如2-甲基喹啉（喹哪啶）则通过邻氨基苯甲醛与丙酮缩合而合成。总的来说，喹啉及其同系物属于含氮杂双环芳烃类化合物，俗称重吡啶，并与吡啶一起统称为焦油碱，是高温煤焦油加工的产物。主要成分包括喹啉、异喹啉、甲基喹啉和二甲基喹啉等，集中在煤焦油的萘油馏分和洗油馏分中，含量约为0.3～0.5%。
这些化合物具有特殊的气味，并在暴露于空气或阳光下时逐渐变深。它们广泛应用于医药、染料、感光材料、橡胶、溶剂及化学试剂等领域。喹啉主要用于制造烟酸系、8-羟基喹啉系和奎宁系药物，如烟酸胺、强心剂、兴奋剂和治绦虫病药；8-羟基喹啉则用于制备治疗阿米巴虫病的药品、创伤消毒剂及防霉剂等。此外，伯氨奎宁、氯化奎宁和羟氨奎宁是合成的治疟疾特效药物。
异喹啉主要用于生产杀虫剂、抗疟药、橡胶硫化促进剂及测定稀有金属所需的化学试剂；甲基喹啉则用于制造彩色胶片增感剂和染料，并作为溶剂、浸渍剂和腐蚀抑制剂等。总体而言，这些化合物的应用范围广泛且重要。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 8-fluoroquinolin-3-amine | 936324-21-9 | C9H7FN2 |
| —— | 7-Chloroquinolin-4-amine hydrochloride | 114306-27-3 | C9H8Cl2N2 |
| —— | N-Benzylquinidinium Chloride | 77481-82-4 | C27H31ClN2O2 |
| —— | 1-aminoisoquinoline-7-carbonitrile | 215454-25-4 | C10H7N3 |
| —— | quinoline-4-carboxaldehyde | 545423-96-9 | C11H9NO |
| —— | 2-(Quinolin-6-YL)acetaldehyde | 335267-08-8 | C11H9NO |
| —— | 2-(Quinolin-7-YL)acetaldehyde | 545423-98-1 | C11H9NO |
| —— | 4-anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitrile | 681215-57-6 | C16H11N3 |
| —— | (2R,4S,5R)-1-Benzyl-2-((S)-hydroxy(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methyl)-5-vinylquinuclidin-1-ium chloride | 77481-82-4 | C27H31ClN2O2 |
| —— | Ethyl 4-oxo-8-(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydroquinoline-2-carboxylate | 23851-84-5 | C13H10F3NO3 |
| —— | Oxyquinoline sulfate | 134-31-6 | C18H16N2O6S |
| —— | 2-chloro-6-methyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid | 50503-75-8 | C11H8ClNO2 |
| —— | methyl 3-chloroquinoline-6-carboxylate | 1357958-20-3 | C11H8ClNO2 |
| —— | (±)-E-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-quinolyl]-6-heptenoic acid ethyl ester | 172336-32-2 | C27H28FNO4 |
| —— | 7-methylisoquinolin-1-amine | 950768-74-8 | C10H10N2 |
| —— | 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]quinoline | 38101-91-6 | C17H12ClN |
| —— | 3-Amino-6-nitro-4-phenyl-2(1H)-chinolinon | 36020-93-6 | C15H11N3O3 |
| —— | Ethyl 3-(quinolin-4-YL)prop-2-enoate | 69976-10-9 | C14H13NO2 |
| —— | 3-quinolin-4-yl-acrylic acid ethyl ester | 448952-61-2 | C14H13NO2 |
| —— | 6-Chlor-4-amino-chinolin | 103028-97-3 | C9H7ClN2 |
| —— | (Z)-N,N-Dimethyl-4-(2-(quinolin-4-yl)vinyl)aniline | 897-55-2 | C19H18N2 |
| —— | 7-nitro-3,4-dihydro-2-quinolone | 22246-10-2 | C9H8N2O3 |
| —— | 6-bromo-quinoxalin-2-ylamine | 1071605-38-3 | C8H6BrN3 |
| —— | (8alpha,9R)-1-Benzyl-9-hydroxycinchonanium chloride | 69257-04-1 | C26H30ClN2O+ |
| —— | Cinchonidine sulfate dihydrate | 524-61-8 | C38H50N4O8S |
| —— | (1S,2R,4S,5R)-1-Benzyl-2-(hydroxy(quinolin-4-yl)methyl)-5-vinylquinuclidin-1-ium chloride | 69221-14-3 | C26H29ClN2O |
| —— | 8-Azepan-2-YL-quinoline | 527673-84-3 | C15H18N2 |
| —— | 5-Azepan-2-YL-quinoline | 527673-86-5 | C15H18N2 |
| —— | 8-Chloro-2-methylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid | 52413-67-9 | C11H8ClNO2 |
| —— | 5-Sulfoquinolin-8-olate | 84-88-8 | C9H6NO4S |
| —— | 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 873055-01-7 | C10H7NO4 |
| —— | propylamino-4 bromo-7 quinoleine | 71595-18-1 | C12H13BrN2 |
| —— | 2,6,8-Trimethylquinoline-4-carboxylate | 93189-20-9 | C13H12NO2- |
| —— | 1,4-dimethyl-2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-sulfonyl chloride | 841275-84-1 | C10H9ClN2O4S |
| —— | 6,8-Dimethylquinoline hydrochloride | 1255574-45-8 | C11H12ClN |
| —— | 7-Bromoquinolin-3-amine dihydrochloride | 1266226-05-4 | C9H9BrCl2N2 |
| —— | 5-Chloro-quinolin-4-ylamine hydrochloride | 114306-26-2 | C9H8Cl2N2 |
| —— | 4,6-Dichloro-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid | 902742-67-0 | C10H5Cl2NO2 |
| —— | Carbostyril, monosodium salt | 4510-76-3 | C9H7NNaO2+ |
| —— | 6-Bromo-5-fluoroquinoline hydrochloride | 127827-51-4 | C9H6BrClFN |
| —— | Cinchonidine sulphate | 524-61-8 | C38H46N4O6S |
| —— | 6-Bromo-3-ethoxyquinoline | 1355582-96-5 | C11H10BrNO |
| —— | 6-chloro-4-methoxyquinolin-2-(1H)-one | 865817-83-0 | C10H8ClNO2 |
| —— | (R)-[(4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;dihydrochloride | 24302-67-8 | C19H24Cl2N2O |
| —— | (R)-[(2R,4S,5R)-1-benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;chloride | 69257-04-1 | C26H29ClN2O |
| —— | 5-chloro-6-quinolinecarbaldehyde | 180421-64-1 | C10H6ClNO |
| —— | 4-Bromo-8-chloro-5-methoxyquinoline | 1189107-37-6 | C10H7BrClNO |
| —— | 4,7-Dibromo-6-methylquinoline | 1189107-21-8 | C10H7Br2N |
| —— | 4,6-Dibromo-2,8-dimethylquinoline | 1189107-47-8 | C11H9Br2N |
| —— | 4-Bromo-5,8-difluoroquinoline | 1189106-41-9 | C9H4BrF2N |
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