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    • 喹啉
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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 喹啉类化合物

    喹啉类化合物

    喹啉和异喹啉是苯并吡啶的两个异构体，均存在于煤焦油中。它们及其许多取代衍生物可通过将苯衍生物环化成环而制得。其中，喹啉的合成方法主要是通过加热苯胺、甘油与硫酸及氧化剂（如硝基苯）反应，进而生成丙烯醛并与苯胺发生加成反应。利用各种苯胺衍生物和其他α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，则可以合成具有不同取代基的喹啉化合物，例如4-甲基喹啉(勒皮啶)便是由苯胺和甲基-乙烯基酮制得。

    其他喹啉类化合物如2-甲基喹啉（喹哪啶）则通过邻氨基苯甲醛与丙酮缩合而合成。总的来说，喹啉及其同系物属于含氮杂双环芳烃类化合物，俗称重吡啶，并与吡啶一起统称为焦油碱，是高温煤焦油加工的产物。主要成分包括喹啉、异喹啉、甲基喹啉和二甲基喹啉等，集中在煤焦油的萘油馏分和洗油馏分中，含量约为0.3～0.5%。

    这些化合物具有特殊的气味，并在暴露于空气或阳光下时逐渐变深。它们广泛应用于医药、染料、感光材料、橡胶、溶剂及化学试剂等领域。喹啉主要用于制造烟酸系、8-羟基喹啉系和奎宁系药物，如烟酸胺、强心剂、兴奋剂和治绦虫病药；8-羟基喹啉则用于制备治疗阿米巴虫病的药品、创伤消毒剂及防霉剂等。此外，伯氨奎宁、氯化奎宁和羟氨奎宁是合成的治疟疾特效药物。

    异喹啉主要用于生产杀虫剂、抗疟药、橡胶硫化促进剂及测定稀有金属所需的化学试剂；甲基喹啉则用于制造彩色胶片增感剂和染料，并作为溶剂、浸渍剂和腐蚀抑制剂等。总体而言，这些化合物的应用范围广泛且重要。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinolinone 21617-16-3 C9H8ClNO
    5-chloro-2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinolinone
    —— 6-bromo-2-methoxy-3-methyl-quinoline 854524-01-9 C11H10BrNO
    6-bromo-2-methoxy-3-methyl-quinoline
    —— 2-phenyl-[1,6]naphthyridine 52816-59-8 C14H10N2
    2-phenyl-[1,6]naphthyridine
    —— 2,4-quinolinediol monosodium salt 4510-76-3 C9H6NO2*Na
    2,4-quinolinediol monosodium salt
    —— (S)-[(2R)-1-benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;chloride 69221-14-3 C26H29ClN2O
    (S)-[(2R)-1-benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;chloride
    —— (1-Benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;chloride 69257-04-1 C26H29ClN2O
    (1-Benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;chloride
    —— 2-hydroxy-6-bromobenzopyridin-4-one 138964-51-9 C9H6BrNO2
    2-hydroxy-6-bromobenzopyridin-4-one
    —— 2-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)quinoline 917114-13-7 C19H19N
    2-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)quinoline
    —— (R,R)-QuinoxP 1107608-80-9 C18H28N2P2
    (R,R)-QuinoxP
    —— 2-(aminomethyl)quinoline dihydrochloride 18004-62-1 C10H10N2*2ClH
    2-(aminomethyl)quinoline dihydrochloride
    —— quinaldinic acid, Na-salt 16907-79-2 C10H6NO2*Na
    quinaldinic acid, Na-salt
    —— Quinoline-2-carbothioamide 96898-30-5 C10H8N2S
    Quinoline-2-carbothioamide
    —— 6-bromo-8-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone 99465-08-4 C10H8BrNO
    6-bromo-8-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone
    —— Decahydroquinolin-7-ol 90949-78-3 C9H17NO
    Decahydroquinolin-7-ol
    —— 2-(Furan-2-yl)quinoline-4-carboxylate 20146-25-2 C14H8NO3-
    2-(Furan-2-yl)quinoline-4-carboxylate
    —— 2-(4-Methylphenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylate 20389-05-3 C17H12NO2-
    2-(4-Methylphenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylate
    —— Ethyl (2R,3aR,10Z,11aS,12aR,14aR)-2-{[2-(4-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-7-methoxy-8-methyl-4-quinolinyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4,14-dioxo-2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,11a,12,13,14,14a-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[c]cycloprop a[g][1,6]diazacyclotetradecine-12a(1H)-carboxylate 923604-57-3 C37H46N4O6S
    Ethyl (2R,3aR,10Z,11aS,12aR,14aR)-2-{[2-(4-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-7-methoxy-8-methyl-4-quinolinyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4,14-dioxo-2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,11a,12,13,14,14a-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[c]cycloprop a[g][1,6]diazacyclotetradecine-12a(1H)-carboxylate
    —— 2-methyl-3H-quinolin-4-one 5660-24-2 C10H9NO
    2-methyl-3H-quinolin-4-one
    —— 5,7-dimethyl-2-phenylquinoline 1075185-76-0 C17H15N
    5,7-dimethyl-2-phenylquinoline
    —— 4-Bromo-8-iodoquinoline 608143-12-0 C9H5BrIN
    4-Bromo-8-iodoquinoline
    —— 6-Hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid hydrate 134388-87-7 C10H13NO4
    6-Hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid hydrate
    —— (5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;dihydrochloride 24302-67-8 C19H24Cl2N2O
    (5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-quinolin-4-ylmethanol;dihydrochloride
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(quinolin-8-yloxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid 14683-61-5 C15H15NO7
    (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(quinolin-8-yloxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(2-methylphenyl)quinoline 52146-06-2 C16H13N
    2-(2-methylphenyl)quinoline
    —— trans-decahydroquinoline 767-92-0 C9H17N
    trans-decahydroquinoline
    —— ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-4-phenylquinoline-3-carboxylate 126334-84-7 C19H16ClNO2
    ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-4-phenylquinoline-3-carboxylate
    —— 2-(4-chlorophenyl)quinoxaline 17286-63-4 C14H9ClN2
    2-(4-chlorophenyl)quinoxaline
    —— Bulbocapnine methyl ether 2490-83-7 C20H21NO4
    Bulbocapnine methyl ether
    —— quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate 6151-40-2 C20H24N2O2*ClH*H2O
    quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate
    —— 2-(4-methylphenyl)quinoline 24667-94-5 C16H13N
    2-(4-methylphenyl)quinoline
    —— N-(isopentyl)-quinolinium iodide 54899-89-7 C14H18N*I
    N-(isopentyl)-quinolinium iodide
    —— methyl 5-isoquinolyloxyacetate 130292-81-8 C12H11NO3
    methyl 5-isoquinolyloxyacetate
    —— 8-chloro-3-iodoquinoline 847727-21-3 C9H5ClIN
    8-chloro-3-iodoquinoline
    —— N-Benzylquinidinium chloride, 98% 77481-82-4 C27H31ClN2O2
    N-Benzylquinidinium chloride, 98%
    —— 2-amino-3-[2(1H)-quinolinon-4-yl]propionic acid 5162-90-3 C12H12N2O3
    2-amino-3-[2(1H)-quinolinon-4-yl]propionic acid
    —— 6-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-4-ol 1214241-98-1 C8H5ClN2O
    6-chloro-1,7-naphthyridin-4-ol
    —— 3-(quinolin-3-yl)acrylic acid 67752-27-6 C12H9NO2
    3-(quinolin-3-yl)acrylic acid
    —— Lithium-8-chinolinolat 25387-93-3 C9H6NO*Li
    Lithium-8-chinolinolat
    —— N-benzylcinchoninium chloride 69221-14-3 C26H29N2O*Cl
    N-benzylcinchoninium chloride
    —— 5,5'-dibromo-8,8'-biquinoline 1148152-49-1 C18H10Br2N2
    5,5'-dibromo-8,8'-biquinoline
    —— 8-bromo-5-methoxyquinoline 1312610-18-6 C10H8BrNO
    8-bromo-5-methoxyquinoline
    —— 3,7-dichloro-8-chloromethylquinoline 84086-96-4 C10H6Cl3N
    3,7-dichloro-8-chloromethylquinoline
    —— 6-fluoro-2-phenylquinoline 2558-26-1 C15H10FN
    6-fluoro-2-phenylquinoline
    —— 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline dihydrochloride 21302-43-2 C9H8N2O*2ClH
    5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline dihydrochloride
    —— 2-methyl-6-phenylquinoline 91875-31-9 C16H13N
    2-methyl-6-phenylquinoline
    —— 1H-benzo[h]quinolin-10-one 33155-90-7 C13H9NO
    1H-benzo[h]quinolin-10-one
    —— 8-Quinolinyl glucuronide 14683-61-5 C15H15NO7
    8-Quinolinyl glucuronide