喹啉类化合物
喹啉和异喹啉是苯并吡啶的两个异构体，均存在于煤焦油中。它们及其许多取代衍生物可通过将苯衍生物环化成环而制得。其中，喹啉的合成方法主要是通过加热苯胺、甘油与硫酸及氧化剂（如硝基苯）反应，进而生成丙烯醛并与苯胺发生加成反应。利用各种苯胺衍生物和其他α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，则可以合成具有不同取代基的喹啉化合物，例如4-甲基喹啉(勒皮啶)便是由苯胺和甲基-乙烯基酮制得。
其他喹啉类化合物如2-甲基喹啉（喹哪啶）则通过邻氨基苯甲醛与丙酮缩合而合成。总的来说，喹啉及其同系物属于含氮杂双环芳烃类化合物，俗称重吡啶，并与吡啶一起统称为焦油碱，是高温煤焦油加工的产物。主要成分包括喹啉、异喹啉、甲基喹啉和二甲基喹啉等，集中在煤焦油的萘油馏分和洗油馏分中，含量约为0.3～0.5%。
这些化合物具有特殊的气味，并在暴露于空气或阳光下时逐渐变深。它们广泛应用于医药、染料、感光材料、橡胶、溶剂及化学试剂等领域。喹啉主要用于制造烟酸系、8-羟基喹啉系和奎宁系药物，如烟酸胺、强心剂、兴奋剂和治绦虫病药；8-羟基喹啉则用于制备治疗阿米巴虫病的药品、创伤消毒剂及防霉剂等。此外，伯氨奎宁、氯化奎宁和羟氨奎宁是合成的治疟疾特效药物。
异喹啉主要用于生产杀虫剂、抗疟药、橡胶硫化促进剂及测定稀有金属所需的化学试剂；甲基喹啉则用于制造彩色胶片增感剂和染料，并作为溶剂、浸渍剂和腐蚀抑制剂等。总体而言，这些化合物的应用范围广泛且重要。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5-硝基喹啉 | 5-nitroquinoline | 607-34-1 | C9H6N2O2 |
| 5-硝基-8-羟基喹啉 | nitroxoline | 4008-48-4 | C9H6N2O3 |
| 5-甲氧基喹啉-6-胺 | 5-Methoxy-quinolin-6-ylamine | 54620-48-3 | C10H10N2O |
| 5-甲氧基喹啉-2(1H)-酮 | 5-methoxyquinolin-2(1H)-one | 160893-04-9 | C10H9NO2 |
| 5-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-methoxyquinoline | 6931-19-7 | C10H9NO |
| 5-甲氧基-8-硝基喹啉 | 5-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline | 36020-53-8 | C10H8N2O3 |
| 5-甲氧基-3-甲基喹啉 | 3-Methyl-5-methoxyquinoline | 137595-48-3 | C11H11NO |
| 5-甲氧基-2-甲基喹啉 | 5-methoxy-2-methylquinoline | 79205-04-2 | C11H11NO |
| 5-甲基异喹啉 | 5-methylisoquinoline | 62882-01-3 | C10H9N |
| 5-甲基四唑并[1,5-A]喹啉 | 5-methyl tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline | 35213-85-5 | C10H8N4 |
| 5-甲基喹啉-8-胺 | 5-methyl-8-aminoquinoline | 85656-64-0 | C10H10N2 |
| 5-甲基喹啉 | 5-methylquinoline | 7661-55-4 | C10H9N |
| 5-甲基-2-苯基喹啉 | 5-methyl-2-phenylquinoline | 500595-66-4 | C16H13N |
| 5-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉 | 5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline | 58960-02-4 | C10H13N |
| 5-溴异喹啉 | 5-bromoisoquinoline | 34784-04-8 | C9H6BrN |
| 5-溴喹啉盐酸盐 | 5-Bromoquinoline hydrochloride | 421580-26-9 | C9H7BrClN |
| 5-溴喹啉-8-羧酸 | 5-bromoquinoline-8-carboxylic acid | 928839-62-7 | C10H6BrNO2 |
| 5-溴喹啉-8-甲醛 | 5-bromoquinoline-8-carbaldehyde | 885267-41-4 | C10H6BrNO |
| 5-溴喹啉-8-甲腈 | 5-bromoquinoline-8-carbonitrile | 507476-70-2 | C10H5BrN2 |
| 5-溴喹啉-2-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl 5-bromoquinoline-2-carboxylate | 1355174-78-5 | C11H8BrNO2 |
| 5-溴喹啉-2-羧酸 | 5-bromoquinoline-2-carboxylic acid | 1017412-53-1 | C10H6BrNO2 |
| 5-溴喹啉-2-甲腈 | 5-bromoquinoline-2-carbonitrile | 1092304-90-9 | C10H5BrN2 |
| 5-溴-8-羟基喹啉 | 5-bromo-8-hydroxyquinoline | 1198-14-7 | C9H6BrNO |
| 5-溴-8-碘喹啉 | 5-Bromo-8-iodoquinoline | 1257664-92-8 | C9H5BrIN |
| 5-溴-8-甲基喹啉-2-醇 | 5-Bromo-8-methylquinolin-2-ol | 99455-07-9 | C10H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-8-氯喹啉 | 5-bromo-8-chloroquinoline | 927800-41-7 | C9H5BrClN |
| 5-溴-8-氨基喹啉盐酸盐 | 5-bromoquinolin-8-ylamine hydrochloride | 297760-76-0 | C9H7BrN2*ClH |
| 5-溴-8-氟喹啉 | 5-bromo-8-fluoroquinoline | 1133115-78-2 | C9H5BrFN |
| 5-溴-8-三氟甲氧基喹啉 | 5-Bromo-8-(trifluoromethoxy)quinoline | 1065074-23-8 | C10H5BrF3NO |
| 5-溴-8-(三氟甲基)喹啉 | 5-bromo-8-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline | 1239460-75-3 | C10H5BrF3N |
| 5-溴-7-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-bromo-7-methoxyquinoline | 1126824-44-9 | C10H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-6-羟基喹啉 | 5-bromoquinolin-6-ol | 115581-09-4 | C9H6BrNO |
| 5-溴-6-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-bromo-6-methoxyquinoline | 36023-01-5 | C10H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-6-甲基喹啉 | 5-bromo-6-methylquinoline | 65513-45-3 | C10H8BrN |
| 5-溴-6-氟-2-甲基喹啉 | 5-bromo-6-fluoro-2-methylquinoline | 80290-18-2 | C10H7BrFN |
| 5-溴-3-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-bromo-3-methoxyquinoline | 776296-12-9 | C10H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-3-甲基喹啉 | 5-bromo-3-methylquinoline | 397322-46-2 | C10H8BrN |
| 5-溴-3-氯喹啉 | 5-Bromo-3-chloroquinoline | 1215770-74-3 | C9H5BrClN |
| 5-溴-3,4-二氢喹啉-2(1H)-酮 | 5-bromo-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one | 880094-83-7 | C9H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-3,4-二氢-1H-异喹啉-2-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 5-bromo-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxylate | 215184-78-4 | C14H18BrNO2 |
| 5-溴-2-甲氧基喹啉-8-甲醛 | 5-Bromo-2-methoxyquinoline-8-carbaldehyde | 885687-82-1 | C11H8BrNO2 |
| 5-溴-2-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-bromo-2-methoxyquinoline | 99455-06-8 | C10H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-2-甲基喹啉 | 5-bromo-2-methylquinoline | 54408-52-5 | C10H8BrN |
| 5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 5-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate | 220514-28-3 | C9H8BrNO4 |
| 5-溴-2-氯喹啉 | 5-bromo-2-chloroquinoline | 99455-13-7 | C9H5BrClN |
| 5-溴-2,3-二氢喹啉-4(1H)-酮 | 5-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinolin-4-one | 1391268-61-3 | C9H8BrNO |
| 5-溴-1H-喹啉-2-酮 | 5-bromoquinolin-2(1H)-one | 99465-09-5 | C9H6BrNO |
| 5-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐 | 5-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride | 923591-51-9 | C9H10BrN*ClH |
| 5-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 | 5-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline | 81237-69-6 | C9H10BrN |
| 5-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉盐酸盐 | 5-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride | 1073968-64-5 | C9H10BrN*ClH |
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